Understanding mycorrhizal associations to ensure the best start in life for trees, their carbon balance and future resilience

了解菌根关联，以确保树木生命的最佳开端、碳平衡和未来的恢复力

• 批准号: 2892622
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2892622
• 关键词: Understanding; mycorrhizal; associations; ensure; best

A well-functioning forest ecosystem is an amalgamation of climatic and soil factors, with biodiversity at the canopy, understory and soil levels. The resilience and adaptive capacity of a forest is greatly enhanced by high biodiversity and compatibility with soil conditions. This increases the likelihood of future stability despite the uncertainty introduced by climate change. Much needed successful expansion of forest cover in the UK must be based on an understanding of a number of constraints, so the pathways to sustainable and resilient new planting of trees ensure that biodiversity, carbon storage and functional targets are achieved.Our strategy is based on building resilient trees from the ground up by understanding and exploring the links between belowground soil and root health and aboveground tree health.Ectomycorrhizal trees do not interact directly with soil, instead their belowground interactionswith nutrients, carbon, water and microbes are mediated through fungal tissue. To understand how trees interact with soils, we must understand their mycorrhizas. Trees allocate up to 20% of their carbon to mycorrhizal fungi and in return these fungi provide nearly all macronutrients, micronutrients and water needed by their tree hosts. (Smith & Read, 2008 Mycorrhizal Symbiosis 3rd ed). Recent evidence shows strong European-scale links among ectomycorrhizal diversity, tree growth, tree nutritional status, N deposition and soil C cycling, allowing the identification of clear environmental thresholds and indicators(van der Linde et al., 2018 Nature; Suz et al., 2021 New Phytologist; Anthony et al., 2022 ISME J.). How this emerging understanding translates to local and fine-resolution scales for tree health, particularly in UK settings, and in reference to tree establishment and future tree resilience needs investigation.This project will study links between mycorrhizal associations of the main British tree species and mixtures to their growth, carbon balance, health and resilience from the onset of tree establishment. This project will link belowground soil carbon and health with above ground forest carbon and health for a set of tree species and soil types using a subset of the 1,500 Woodland Carbon Code project sites. This is linked to an England Tree Planting Programme's Forest Research project assessing soil carbon change at Woodland Carbon Project Sites.This project aims to: 1. assess the mycorrhizal fungi of different tree species and mixtures in their first 20 years of growth, 2. compare mycorrhizal fungal communities as well as their functional exploration types for the same tree species growing on different soil types (ranging from nutrient-poor to nutrient-rich), 3. compare mycorrhizal fungi and functional exploration types for different tree species growing on the same soil type, and 4. test relationships between mycorrhizal associations with measured soil and tree health traits.

功能良好的森林生态系统是气候和土壤因素的融合，与树冠，林下和土壤水平的生物多样性。高生物多样性和与土壤条件的兼容性大大提高了森林的韧性和适应能力。尽管气候变化带来了不确定性，但这增加了未来稳定的可能性。 Much needed successful expansion of forest cover in the UK must be based on an understanding of a number of constraints, so the pathways to sustainable and resilient new planting of trees ensure that biodiversity, carbon storage and functional targets are achieved.Our strategy is based on building resilient trees from the ground up by understanding and exploring the links between belowground soil and root health and aboveground tree health.Ectomycorrhizal trees do not interact directly with soil, instead their belowground interactionswith营养，碳，水和微生物通过真菌组织介导。要了解树木如何与土壤相互作用，我们必须了解它们的菌根。树木最多将其碳的20％分配给菌根真菌，作为回报，这些真菌几乎提供了其树宿主所需的所有大量营养素，微量营养素和水。 （Smith＆Read，2008 Mycorrhizal共生3版）。最近的证据表明，欧洲尺度的较强的联系之间的欧洲尺度联系，树木生长，树木营养状况，n沉积和土壤C循环，允许鉴定清晰的环境阈值和指标（van der Linde等人，2018年，Suz et al。这种新兴的理解如何转化为树木健康的局部和精细分辨率量表，尤其是在英国环境中，并参考树木的建立和未来的树木弹性需求需要调查。该项目将研究主要英国树种物种的菌根关联与它们的生长，碳平衡，碳平衡，健康和富含树木的生长。该项目将使用1,500个林地碳代码项目的一部分将地下土壤碳和健康与地面森林碳和健康上述联系起来。这与一项恩格兰植树计划的森林研究项目有关，评估伍德兰碳项目地点的土壤碳的变化。该项目的目的是：1。评估不同树种的菌根真菌和混合物在其最初的20年增长中，2。比较菌根菌群的菌根探索者，以及与其功能探索的种类相比，以及与其功能探索类型的种类（以及与其他种类的种类）（彼此相同的种类）（营养丰富），3。比较在同一土壤类型上生长的不同树种的菌根真菌和功能探索类型，4。与测量的土壤和树木健康特征之间的菌根关联之间的关系。