The role of soil fertility in the function of mycorrhizal associations

土壤肥力在菌根群落功能中的作用

• 批准号: 1946281
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lancaster University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1946281
• 关键词: role; soil; fertility; function; mycorrhizal

Background - Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi play key roles in plant nutrient acquisition but their contributions to the stabilization of soil organic carbon (SOC) could differ substantially. ECM fungi are thought to promote the stabilization and storage of SOC, whereas there is evidence that AM fungi can stimulate the mineralization of SOC and its release as CO2. The propensity of mycorrhizal fungi to store carbon is likely to be influenced by soil fertility. The plant-mycorrhizal mutualism is based on the provision of carbon by plants to the fungal network in return for enhanced nutrient uptake. There is strong evidence that mycorrhizal function is nutrient-limited and recent research suggests that nutrient availability can alter the relationship between plants and AM fungi from mutualistic to semi-parasitic. This project aims to: 1) Perform the first direct comparison of AM and ECM fungal contributions to soil carbon storage and release; and 2) Evaluate the role of nutrient availability in structuring the exchange of resources between plants and mycorrhizal fungi. Programme of research - The project will involve a series of greenhouse experiments using tree seedlings that associate with both AM and ECM fungi (including aspen and poplar). Pots with a common soil type and one of the two tree species will be inoculated with AM, ECM, both fungi, or a sterilized combination of both fungi. The availability of different nutrients will be manipulated experimentally by adding appropriate fertilisers.The storage or release of soil carbon will be assessed by regular measurements of soil CO2 (soil respiration) and 13C pulse-labelling to track the flow of carbon through plants and mycorrhizal fungi into the soil. Changes in mycorrhizal function will be determined from measurements of tree growth, foliar nutrients, mycorrhizal infection rates, and mycorrhizal community composition. Selected treatments will be chosen for molecular characterisation of fungal phenotypes and functional genes.The results of these experiments will be used to inform and develop additional experiments with other tree species and/or field surveys along natural fertility gradients to test the wider applicability of the research.

背景-Arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM）真菌和外生菌骨（ECM）真菌在植物营养中发挥关键作用，但它们对土壤有机碳（SOC）稳定的贡献可能会有很大差异。 ECM真菌被认为可以促进SOC的稳定和储存，而有证据表明AM真菌可以刺激SOC的矿化及其作为CO2的释放。菌根真菌储存碳的倾向可能受土壤肥力的影响。植物 - 菌骨互助主义基于植物向真菌网络提供碳的提供，以换取增强的营养吸收。有充分的证据表明，菌根功能是养分限制的，最近的研究表明，营养的可用性可以改变植物与AM真菌之间的关系，从互助到半寄生虫。该项目的目的是：1）对AM和ECM真菌对土壤碳储存和释放进行首次直接比较； 2）评估养分可用性在构建植物和菌根真菌之间资源交换的作用。研究计划 - 该项目将使用与AM和ECM真菌（包括Aspen和Poplar）相关的树幼苗进行一系列温室实验。具有常见土壤类型和两种树种之一的花盆将被AM，ECM，真菌或两种真菌的灭菌组合接种。通过添加适当的肥料，将通过实验来操纵不同养分的可用性。将通过定期测量土壤二氧化碳（土壤呼吸）和13C脉冲标签来评估土壤碳的储存或释放，以跟踪碳通过植物和菌根菌根的流动。菌根功能的变化将从树木生长，叶面营养素，菌根感染率和菌根群落组成的测量中确定。将选择选定的治疗方法来进行真菌表型和功能基因的分子表征。这些实验的结果将用于为其他树种和/或沿天然生育梯度沿天然生育梯度进行详细的实验，以测试研究的更广泛适用性。