Novel small animal PET scanner using 2.0 mm lead-walled straw detectors

使用 2.0 毫米铅壁吸管探测器的新型小动物 PET 扫描仪

• 批准号: 7326740
• 负责人: JEFFREY L LACY
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: PROPORTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-05 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7326740
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Aging; Animal Model; Animals; Arts; Back; Benchmarking; Biological Process; Blur; Brain imaging; Breast; Caliber; Clinical assessments; Count; Depth; Development; Devices; Dimensions; Disease; Electronics; Elements; Employee Strikes; Event; Facility Construction Funding Category; Funding; Futility; Gamma Rays; Gases; Grant; Grouping; Heart; Human; Image; Imaging Device; Imaging Phantoms; Imaging Techniques; Immunity; Invasive; Investigation; Lead; Length; Life; Location; Marketing; Measures; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Molecular; Monitor; Mus; Numbers; Operative Surgical Procedures; Organ; Performance; Phase; Placement; Positioning Attribute; Positron; Positron-Emission Tomography; Property; Radioisotopes; Rate; Rattus; Relative (related person); Research; Resolution; Rotation; Simulate; Small Business Funding Mechanisms; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Solid; Source; Staging; Structure; System; Techniques; Technology; Test Result; Testing; Time; Tracer; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; attenuation; base; cost; density; design; detector; human disease; improved; in vivo; instrument; instrumentation; molecular imaging; mouse model; novel; novel strategies; optical imaging; prevent; quality assurance; quantum; reconstruction; response; simulation; size; tool; tumor; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Molecular imaging techniques are among the most powerful tools for non-invasive investigation of disease and fundamental biological processes in vivo and are therefore of high significance to the mission of the NIH. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) provides sensitivity to molecular tracer concentrations several orders of magnitude less than any other imaging technique offering a large fundamental sensitivity advantage. Also PET is able to produce rigorous quantitative 3D uptake distribution uniquely free of attenuation and scatter effects giving it another strong advantage over other methods such as optical imaging. Since mouse is by far the most popular species in molecular imaging, high resolution is of exceptional importance. A number of commercial scintillator based dedicated small animal PET scanners are on the market but are limited to a useful volumetric imaging resolution of no better than 5 ¿l and are very costly ($500,000 - $850,000). Recent attempts to reduce crystal size to levels needed to improve resolution performance have shown that depth of interaction (DOI) error reduces improvement to marginal levels despite substantial cost increase demonstrating the futility of the approach. Development of a low cost, high resolution PET scanner is proposed based on revolutionary detector elements composed of lead walled straws (LWS). Compared to scintillation crystal detectors, this technology is intrinsically many fold less expensive to produce and because the position of each detected gamma ray is located precisely in 3D space, fundamentally superior camera configurations can be employed to great advantage. Detectors can be placed very close to the imaged subject and events accepted over a substantially larger solid angle providing unparalleled sensitivity while maintaining immunity from resolution degradation caused by DOI. Unlike crystal devices with DOI problems, resolution performance of LWS devices scales precisely with detector dimension. Based on scaling of performance achieved in a 4 mm straw pilot device backed up by a comprehensive Monte Carlo study an optimally designed 2 mm LWS camera can reach at least a volumetric resolution of 1.2 ¿l and with recently demonstrated resolution refinements should achieve a further reduction to 0.58 ¿l. Furthermore using a very small detector module count of 28, a 4 fold increase in sensitivity and throughput can be achieved. In stark contrast to crystal devices the LWS camera design produces highly uniform sensitivity and resolution over its entire very large field of view. Feasibility will be demonstrated by construction of two densely packed 200 straw LWS modules of 30 - 50 cm length. Imaging performance using a rotating gantry will be evaluated through phantom testing. Lower cost combined with quantum improvement in quality will afford an exceptional new molecular imaging tool.

描述（由适用提供）：分子成像技术是对体内疾病和基本生物学过程进行非侵入性研究的最强大工具之一，因此对NIH的使命具有很高的意义。正电子发射断层扫描（PET）对分子示踪剂浓度的敏感性比任何其他具有较大基本敏感性优势的成像技术要小几个数量级。 PET还可以产生严格的定量3D摄取分布，而没有衰减和散射效应，从而使其与其他方法（例如光学成像）产生了另一个强大的优势。由于迄今为止，小鼠是分子成像中最受欢迎的物种，因此高分辨率非常重要。市场上有许多基于商业闪烁的小型动物宠物扫描仪，但仅限于有用的体积成像分辨率不得超过5？l，而且非常昂贵（$ 500,000- $ 850,000）。最近将晶体大小降低到提高分辨率绩效所需水平的尝试表明，相互作用的深度（DOI）误差降低了对边际水平目的地的改进，目的地大幅提高，表明了该方法的能量。基于由铅围墙（LWS）组成的革命性探测器元素，提出了低成本的高分辨率PET扫描仪。与闪烁的晶体探测器相比，该技术本质上是许多折叠的生产价格便宜的折叠，并且由于每个检测到的伽马射线的位置精确地位于3D空间中，因此可以从根本上聘请出色的相机配置来获得极大的优势。探测器可以非常接近成像的受试者，并且在实质上更大的实体角度接受的事件可提供无与伦比的灵敏度，同时保持免于DOI引起的分辨率降解的免疫力。与具有DOI问题的晶体设备不同，LWS设备的分辨率性能正好在检测器维度上缩放。基于在4毫米稻草飞行员设备中获得的性能缩放，由全面的蒙特卡洛研究支持，最佳设计的2 mm LWS摄像头可以至少达到1.2»l的体积分辨率，而最近证明的分辨率改进应将进一步的减少到0.58°l。此外，使用非常小的检测器模块计数28，灵敏度和吞吐量可以增加4倍。与晶体设备形成鲜明对比的是，LWS摄像头设计在其完全很大的视野上产生了高度均匀的灵敏度和分辨率。可行性将通过构建两个30-50厘米长的两个无填充的200稻草LWS模块来证明。使用旋转龙门的成像性能将通过幻影测试评估。较低的成本与质量改善的量子相结合，将提供一种出色的新分子成像工具。