International Tobacco Control Policy Survey

国际烟草控制政策调查

基本信息

批准号：
6869130
负责人：
GEOFFREY T FONG
金额：
$ 59.74万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-05-06 至 2008-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad objective of the proposed project is to evaluate and understand the psychosocial and behavioral effects of several national-level tobacco control policies that are scheduled or likely to be implemented in at least one of the four largest English-speaking countries--United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and Australia--over the next three years. In a prospective cohort design, the participants are 2,000+ adult smokers in each country (total N=9,013) who respond to a 45-minute telephone survey every 8 months for 5 years. The ITC survey had its successful launch in Fall 2002 and second wave in Summer 2003, and funds are being requested to continue support for Years 3-5. The survey includes measures of smoking behavior, psychosocial predictors of smoking and quitting, and policy-relevant variables in five major policy domains: (1) enhancement of warning labels, (2) elimination or restriction of the terms "light" or "mild" as cigarette brand descriptors, (3) elimination or restrictions on advertising and promotion of tobacco products, (4) changes in price and taxation, and (5) alternative nicotine products (e.g., products that heat, rather than burn, tobacco). The quasi-experimental design includes both between-country controls and within-country controls and will thus allow rigorous tests of national-level policies that heretofore have not been systematically evaluated. There are 7 specific aims: (1) to examine whether a policy introduced in one country will affect self-reported smoking behavior, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing, (2) to examine whether a policy introduced in one country will enhance policy-relevant psychosocial variables, that is, those that are closely related to the policy, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing, (3) to examine whether a policy introduced in one country will lead to enhance levels of psychosocial variables known to be related to smoking and quitting behavior, in comparison to other countries where that policy is not changing, (4) to examine whether the effects of tobacco control policies may be offset by compensatory behaviors (e.g., price increases leading to shifts toward discount brands rather than to quitting), (5) to examine whether the effects of tobacco control policies are moderated by situational and individual-difference factors, (6) to identify the psychosocial mechanisms that may explain how tobacco control policies achieve (or fail to achieve) their goals, and (7) to identify similarities and differences across the four countries in the factors that relate to smoking and cessation. This project has considerable time urgency because of the recently adopted Framework Convention on Tobacco Control-the first-ever international treaty on health-which will obligate over 190 countries (over 90% of the world's population) to tobacco control policies that will be evaluated by this project, and has the potential to inform future tobacco control policies throughout the world.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议项目的总体目标是评估和理解几项国家级烟草控制政策的心理社会和行为影响，这些政策计划或可能以四个最大的英语国家中的至少一个实施未来三年，这些国家将包括美国、加拿大、英国和澳大利亚。在一项前瞻性队列设计中，参与者是每个国家 2,000 多名成年吸烟者（总数 N=9,013），他们每 8 个月接受一次 45 分钟的电话调查，持续 5 年。 ITC 调查于 2002 年秋季成功启动，第二波调查于 2003 年夏季成功启动，目前正在申请资金以继续支持第 3-5 年。该调查包括吸烟行为的测量、吸烟和戒烟的心理社会预测因素以及五个主要政策领域的政策相关变量：(1) 加强警告标签，(2) 消除或限制“轻度”或“轻度”术语作为卷烟品牌描述符，(3) 消除或限制烟草产品的广告和促销，(4) 价格和税收的变化，以及 (5) 替代尼古丁产品（例如，加热而不是燃烧烟草的产品）。准实验设计包括国家间控制和国家内部控制，因此将允许对迄今为止尚未系统评估的国家级政策进行严格测试。有 7 个具体目标：(1) 与该政策未发生变化的其他国家相比，考察一个国家推行的一项政策是否会影响自我报告的吸烟行为，(2) 考察一个国家推行的一项政策是否会影响自我报告的吸烟行为与政策未发生变化的其他国家相比，将增强与政策相关的社会心理变量，即与政策密切相关的变量；(3) 检验一国推行的一项政策是否会导致社会心理变量水平的提高已知与吸烟有关的心理社会变量与其他政策没有改变的国家相比，戒烟行为，(4) 研究烟草控制政策的影响是否可以被补偿行为所抵消（例如，价格上涨导致转向折扣品牌而不是戒烟）， (5) 检验烟草控制政策的效果是否受到情境和个体差异因素的调节，(6) 确定可以解释烟草控制政策如何实现（或未能实现）其目标的心理社会机制，以及 (7 ）来识别四个国家在与吸烟和戒烟相关的因素方面的异同。该项目具有相当大的时间紧迫性，因为最近通过了《烟草控制框架公约》（有史以来第一个国际健康条约），该公约将要求 190 多个国家（占世界人口的 90% 以上）实施烟草控制政策，这些政策将由该项目有潜力为全世界未来的烟草控制政策提供信息。