Neuroanatomy of Anticipation in Anxiety Disorders

焦虑症预期的神经解剖学

• 批准号: 7246637
• 负责人: Jack B Nitschke
• 金额: $ 29.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-20 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7246637
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Affective; Agoraphobia; Amygdaloid structure; Animals; Anterior; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Area; Attenuated; Automobile Driving; Award; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Brain region; Characteristics; Clinical; Cognitive; Comorbidity; Condition; Conflict (Psychology); Cues; Defense Mechanisms; Depressed mood; Disease; Dorsal; Economic Burden; Event; Exhibits; Exposure to; Eye Movements; Feeling hopeless; Figs - dietary; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Future; Generalized Anxiety Disorder; Goals; Home environment; Human; Individual; Insula of Reil; Intervention; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Left; Life; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Major Depressive Disorder; Measurement; Mental Depression; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Moods; Neuroanatomy; Neurobiology; Neurosciences Research; Occupational; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Preparation; Process; Public Speaking; Range; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Schools; Social Phobia; Sum; Symptoms; System; Testing; Uncertainty; Withdrawal; Work; base; behavior measurement; cingulate cortex; conditioning; design; healthy volunteer; innovation; negative mood; neural circuit; novel strategies; programs; psychologic; relating to nervous system; research study; response; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Anxiety and mood disorders are debilitating conditions that cause tremendous personal suffering and engender a high societal and economic burden. A central feature of these disorders is excessive anticipation of potentially aversive outcomes. While anticipation is critical for successful preparation and adaptation to aversive events, dysfunction in this system can interfere markedly with social and occupational functioning. By investigating the neurobiology of this anticipatory system, neural areas associated with specific functions of anticipation, such as autonomic processing, negative affect, and behavioral withdrawal, can be identified and targeted by psychological or biological treatments. In addition, the proposed event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies capitalize on 2 key characteristics of anticipation: uncertainty about the future and an inability to control it. Building on prior research using an anticipation paradigm with 1 warning symbol that predicts aversive pictures and another predicting neutral, the first study will manipulate uncertainty (i.e., predictability of picture content) by including an ambiguous warning symbol that is followed by either aversive or neutral pictures. The second study will manipulate uncontrollability by including a condition in which a behavioral response can shorten picture duration. The influence of uncertainty and uncontrollability on key neural areas in the proposed model for aversive anticipation will be tested with healthy volunteers in the first 2 studies. For the final study, both paradigms will be used with relevant clinical populations-generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder (social phobia), and major depressive disorder-to determine how the normative circuitry identified in the first 2 studies is aberrant in anxiety and mood disorders. The primary prediction is that there is a neural signature for anxiety disorders that corresponds to a general dysfunction in anticipatory processes engaged by potential aversive outcomes, especially in situations of uncertainty and uncontrollability. In sum, the emphasis of this application on the capacity to anticipate impending danger is a novel approach to the study of affective disorders that is geared toward basic knowledge about the neurobiology of healthy defense mechanisms (e.g., anticipation that results in adaptive response) as well as understanding how dysfunction in this system occurs.

描述（由申请人提供）：焦虑和情绪障碍是使造成巨大个人痛苦并引起巨大社会和经济负担的衰弱状况。这些疾病的主要特征是过度期待潜在的厌恶结果。尽管预期对于成功的准备和适应厌恶事件至关重要，但该系统的功能障碍可以显着干扰社会和职业功能。通过研究这种预期系统的神经生物学，可以通过心理或生物学治疗来识别和瞄准与预期特定功能（例如自主神经处理，负面影响和行为戒断）相关的神经区域。此外，提出的与事件相关的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究都利用了2个预期的关键特征：对未来的不确定性和无法控制它的不确定性。在先前研究的基础上，使用带有1个警告符号的预期范式来预测厌恶图片和另一个预测中性的符号，第一项研究将通过包括一个模棱两可的警告符号来操纵不确定性（即图片内容的可预测性），其后面是厌恶或中性图片。第二项研究将通过包括行为响应可以缩短图片持续时间的条件来操纵不合格性。在前两项研究中，将对拟议模型的厌恶预期模型中对关键神经区域的关键神经区域的影响。在最终研究中，这两个范式都将用于相关的临床人群焦虑症，社交焦虑症（社交恐惧症）和重度抑郁症，以确定前2项研究中确定的规范性电路在焦虑和情绪障碍方面的异常。主要的预测是，焦虑症的神经特征与潜在的厌恶结局所参与的预期过程中的一般功能障碍相对应，尤其是在不确定性和不控制性的情况下。总而言之，这种应用的重点放在预期即将到来的危险的能力上是一种研究情感障碍的新方法，该方法旨在研究有关健康防御机制神经生物学的基础知识（例如，预期会导致自适应反应），以及了解该系统的功能障碍是如何发生的。