Understanding and modelling surface-subsurface flow interactions in urban areas during floods

了解洪水期间城市地区地表-地下水流相互作用并对其进行建模

• 批准号: 2879781
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Newcastle University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2879781
• 关键词: Understanding; modelling; surface; subsurface; flow

Management of flood risk in urban areas has become a key issue for national governments and local authorities due to its political and economic implications and increasing urgency due to climate change and urban densification. While urban flood analysis using 2D hydrodynamic models now enables realistic assessment of surface flood risk, it is becoming increasingly obvious that the sub-surface domain is also important for a number of reasons and should be accounted in these analyses. Green Infrastructure (GI) for flood risk management based on infiltration to the groundwater (e.g. swales or green space) is increasingly promoted, but its performance and impact on the urban water table is poorly understood and can have major consequences. These consequences may be positive, but higher water tables and uncontrolled infiltration of surface waters can also damage water pipe networks, basements and underground transport networks. Hence, better representation of the hydrological processes of infiltration and soil moisture content which determine the surface-groundwater interactions, is key to analysing and designing the best flood risk prevention measures and verifying the effectiveness of flood attenuation features. Therefore, the project aims to develop a fully coupled surface-subsurface model based on modern numerical techniques in order to address the main issues of the existing solutions, and apply the model under possible climatic scenarios, considering changes in soil moisture and the presence of GI or other flood risk prevention measures.The difficulty in terms of programming and mathematical skills and experience is high and very demanding, however, accomplishment of this project will have a significant impact. It will produce more accurate and reliable flood models in urban areas where the effects of flooding are generally more severe. Furthermore, it will be possible to assess the effectiveness of flood risk mitigation features such as GI by using a model that simulates the unsaturated flow process explicitly.

由于其政治和经济影响以及由于气候变化和城市致密化而导致的紧迫性，城市地区洪水风险的管理已成为国家政府和地方当局的关键问题。尽管使用2D流体动力模型的城市洪水分析现在可以对表面洪水风险进行现实评估，但由于多种原因，越来越明显的是，地下域也很重要，因此应在这些分析中考虑。越来越多地促进了基于对地下水的洪水风险管理的绿色基础设施（GI）（例如，Swales或Green Space），但其性能和对城市地下水位的影响很差，并且可能会产生重大后果。这些后果可能是积极的，但是地表水的较高水位和不受控制的渗透也会损害水管网络，地下室和地下运输网络。因此，更好地表示决定了地表水相互作用的浸润和土壤水分含量的水文过程，是分析和设计最佳防洪风险预防措施并验证洪水衰减特征的有效性的关键。因此，该项目旨在基于现代数值技术开发完全耦合的表面提交模型，以解决现有解决方案的主要问题，并在可能的气候场景下应用模型，考虑到土壤水分的变化和GI的存在。或其他预防洪水风险的措施。编程和数学技能和经验方面的难度很高且苛刻，但是，该项目的实现将产生重大影响。它将在城市地区产生更准确和可靠的洪水模型，在这些地区，洪水的影响通常更为严重。此外，通过使用一个明确模拟不饱和流动过程的模型来评估洪水风险减轻特征（例如GI）的有效性。