American Melancholy: Depression in the Twentieth Century

美国的忧郁：二十世纪的抑郁症

• 批准号: 6916273
• 负责人: LAURA D. HIRSHBEIN
• 金额: $ 7.65万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6916273
• 关键词: United States; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical depression; culture; data collection methodology /evaluation; gender difference; health care personnel; health care professional practice; health economics; mental disorder diagnosis; mental health; meta analysis; monograph; occupations; perception; politics; public opinion; social change

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project will examine depression in the United States between 1900 and 2000, particularly the social, cultural, political, economic, and professional forces that affected medical and popular ideas about this disease. For centuries, physicians have described an entity that today would be identified as melancholia or depression, but psychiatric diagnosis and treatment of depression have changed dramatically over the most recent century. Not only have medical ideas about depression changed in the last century, but also there have emerged popular ideas about depression that sometimes complement but also complicate professional ideas. The popular narratives about depression have grown in importance against a backdrop of expanding media sources, both visual and print. The proposed project will examine both medical and popular ideas about depression in the twentieth century. By using medical literature, this project will trace changes in the category of depression from involutional melancholia to the creation of specific diagnostic criteria with the third and subsequent editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). By rigorously analyzing magazine articles on mental illness and depression, it will be possible to understand cultural sources of information on this disease. Specific themes to be addressed throughout this study will be, 1) the role of gender in constructing categories; 2) the relationship between popular and psychiatric representations of depression and the role of culture in disease definitions; and 3) the shifting nature of psychiatric authority and professionalization. The product of this project will be a book length monograph, of interest to both historians and psychiatrists, to be published by a university press.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目将研究 1900 年至 2000 年间美国的抑郁症，特别是影响该疾病的医学和流行观念的社会、文化、政治、经济和专业力量。几个世纪以来，医生们描述了一种今天被称为忧郁症或抑郁症的实体，但抑郁症的精神病学诊断和治疗在最近一个世纪发生了巨大变化。不仅关于抑郁症的医学观念在上个世纪发生了变化，而且还出现了关于抑郁症的流行观念，这些观念有时补充但也使专业观念变得复杂。在视觉和印刷媒体资源不断扩大的背景下，有关抑郁症的流行叙事变得越来越重要。拟议的项目将研究二十世纪关于抑郁症的医学和流行观点。通过使用医学文献，该项目将追踪抑郁症类别的变化，从退化性忧郁症到通过诊断和统计手册（DSM）第三版及后续版本制定具体诊断标准。通过严格分析有关精神疾病和抑郁症的杂志文章，将有可能了解有关这种疾病的信息的文化来源。本研究要讨论的具体主题是：1）性别在构建类别中的作用； 2）抑郁症的流行和精神病学表征之间的关系以及文化在疾病定义中的作用； 3）精神病学权威和专业化性质的转变。该项目的产品将是一本历史学家和精神病学家都感兴趣的专着，由大学出版社出版。