Smoking and Mental Illness in the United States: A History

美国的吸烟与精神疾病：一段历史

基本信息

批准号：
8304394
负责人：
LAURA D. HIRSHBEIN
金额：
$ 4.9万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-09-30 至 2013-09-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8304394
关键词：
Address Advertisements Advocate Affect Air Americas Archives Area Awareness Behavioral Biochemical California Cigarette Development Emotional Feeling General Population Health Policy Hospitals Industry Institution Journals Letters Literature Manuals Mental disorders Mentally Ill Persons Movement Neurologic Newspapers Nicotine Patient Rights Patients Pharmaceutical Preparations Policies Population Population Study Psyche structure Psychiatric Hospitals Psychiatric therapeutic procedure Public Health Publications Recording of previous events Research Role Sampling Smoke Smoker Smoking Smoking Behavior Smoking History Smoking and Health Research Source Tobacco Tobacco Industry Touch sensation Training United States Writing advocacy organizations emotional distress falls fascinate high risk improved movie rapid growth smoking cessation time use tobacco control

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In 1987, a patient in a California psychiatric hospital wrote to the R.J. Reynolds tobacco company with a request: "We mentally ill, or allegedly mentally ill, smoke a lot. Most patients here are smokers and we buy a lot of your cigarettes. - Many of us like or are addicted to cigarettes -we are often too poor to buy them - then we have to share them - and suffer. Do you think your company could send us free samples? Any brand would do."' This letter, as well as others like it located in tobacco industry archives, speaks to the attachment that mentally ill patients have long had for their cigarettes, as well as their positive feelings toward the industry that makes them. Indeed, the mentally ill now constitute a significant portion of the remaining smokers in the United States, and they remain a population that has not been easily affected by the rapid growth of smoking cessation campaigns. As historian Allan Brandt has demonstrated, the rise and fall of the cigarette in America is a fascinating story - in particular because of the ongoing efforts of the tobacco industry to confuse issues around smoking and health. Yet relatively little is known about the history of smoking in one of the industry's most loyal groups: the mentally ill. My project will explore the history of three main areas relating to the connection between smoking and mental illness, particularly in the second half of the twentieth century. First, I will examine evidence regarding the role of smoking in mental institutions, a focal point for psychiatric care for the mentally ill for most of the century. Second, I will explore the activities of the tobacco industry around the biochemical and behavioral aspects of smoking, with a focus on the industry's awareness of mentally ill patients' attachment to cigarettes and the mental and emotional effects of nicotine. Finally, I will look at smoking cessation initiatives from the perspective of the mentally ill and their advocates who were often dubious - if not outright opposed -to the argument that smoking cessation would improve the lives of the mentally ill. This is an exciting topic that both gives voice to a marginalized population and addresses an important issue in public health policy.

描述（由申请人提供）： 1987年，一名加利福尼亚精神病医院的患者写信给R.J.雷诺兹烟草公司有一个要求：“我们在精神疾病或据称患有精神疾病，吸烟很多。这里的大多数患者都是吸烟者，我们购买了很多香烟。-我们许多人喜欢或沉迷于香烟 - 我们通常也经常购买它们 - 然后我们必须分享它们。精神病患者长期以来对香烟的依恋以及对使他们产生的行业的积极感。的确，现在精神病患者占美国剩余吸烟者的很大一部分，并且仍然不容易受到戒烟运动的快速增长而受到影响。正如历史学家艾伦·勃兰特（Allan Brandt）所表明的那样，美国香烟的兴衰是一个令人着迷的故事 - 特别是因为烟草业正在努力混淆围绕吸烟和健康的问题。然而，在该行业最忠实的群体之一中吸烟的历史相对较少：精神病患者。我的项目将探讨与吸烟与精神疾病之间的联系有关的三个主要领域的历史，尤其是在20世纪下半叶。首先，我将研究有关吸烟在精神机构中的作用的证据，这是整个世纪大部分时间对精神病患者精神病的焦点。其次，我将探索烟草业围绕吸烟的生化和行为方面的活动，重点是该行业对精神病患者对香烟的依恋以及尼古丁的心理和情感影响的认识。最后，我将从精神疾病的角度及其倡导者的倡导者（如果不是直接反对）来看待戒烟倡议，以至于戒烟会改善精神病患者的生活。这是一个令人兴奋的话题，两者都向边缘化人群发出声音，并解决了公共卫生政策中的一个重要问题。