Exposure To Radon And Cancer Risk

接触氡和癌症风险

• 批准号: 7168888
• 负责人: Dale P Sandler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7168888
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); adult human (21+); air pollution; arsenic; cancer registry /resource; cancer risk; clinical research; environment related neoplasm /cancer; environmental exposure; environmental toxicology; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; lung neoplasms; middle childhood (6-11); neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; occupational hazard; pediatric neoplasm /cancer; physical chemical interaction; questionnaires; radiation carcinogen; radon; smoking; statistics /biometry; tobacco abuse; toxicant interaction; water supply

We carried out a case-control study of lung cancer risk associated with residental exposure to radon. The study measured radon levels in all adult residences as well as in a significant childhood residences and attempted to take into account exposure variations within a home and over time. The study included men and women and both smokers and non-smokers in order to explore possible interactions between smoking and radon. The study includes 1474 cases and 1811 controls. Only 129 of the lung cancer cases had never smoked, but most were nonsmokers at the time of cancer diagnosis. The average radon exposure levels were low; the average level in measured homes was 1.5 pCi/L in Utah and 0.9 pCi/L in Connecticut. Only 3% of Connecticut homes and 7% of Utah homes exceeded the US EPA's "action level" of 4 pCi/L. We calculated cumulative and average radon exposure estimates for all participants. The excess relative risk associated with radon was estimated after controlling for decade-specific smoking and other relevant variables and interactions. While our results appear to be consistent with those of other studies - including extrapolations based on miners, there is little evidence of any excess relative risk of lung cancer associated with radon in this study. Estimates were greater when data were restricted to participants who did not require proxy data, to those with complete coverage (i.e no imputed data) during the 20-year exposure window of interest, to nonsmokers, or to Connecticut, but no result is statistically significant. We found an increase in lung cancer risk associated increasing average exposure to TSP. Risk was increased predominantly in Connecticut, where TSP may be a better marker of carcinogenic agents in air pollution than in Utah. Lung cancer risk increased with increasing level of TSP. The effects of smoking and TSP appeared to be multiplicative. Radon data from this study have been pooled with data from other case-control studies in North America for a more precise estimate of risk associated with low-dose residential radon exposure. A monograph reporting results from the pooled data is in press. The main paper from the pooling has been published. Further pooled analyses focusing on other lung cancer risk factors are being planned. Detailed results of the NIEHS study are also in press. Preliminary analysis also suggests a significant risk for lung cancer associated with chronic respiratory disease that does not appear to be explained by smoking. Manuscripts on TSP and prior lung diseases have been prepared for journal submission.

我们进行了一项病例对照研究，对与ra的肺癌风险有关。该研究测量了所有成年住所以及重要的儿童期住所中的ra含量，并试图考虑家庭内部和时间内的暴露变化。该研究包括男性和女性以及吸烟者和非吸烟者，以探索吸烟与ra之间的可能相互作用。该研究包括1474例和1811个对照。在癌症诊断时，只有129例从未吸烟，但大多数是非吸烟者。平均ra暴露水平很低；犹他州测量房屋的平均水平为1.5 PCI/L，康涅狄格州的平均水平为0.9 PCI/L。康涅狄格州只有3％的房屋和7％的犹他州房屋超过了美国EPA的4个PCI/L的“行动水平”。我们计算了所有参与者的累积和平均ra暴露估计。在控制了十年特异性的吸烟以及其他相关变量和相互作用后，估计与ra相关的过量相对风险。尽管我们的结果似乎与其他研究的结果一致 - 包括基于矿工的外推，但在本研究中，几乎没有证据表明与肺癌相关的过量相对风险过多。当数据仅限于不需要代理数据的参与者，在20年的感兴趣范围内，非吸烟者或康涅狄格州的参与者，但没有统计学意义。我们发现肺癌风险增加，增加了平均暴露于TSP的风险。在康涅狄格州，风险主要增加，在康涅狄格州，在空气污染中，TSP可能是更好的癌症标志物。随着TSP水平的增加，肺癌的风险增加。吸烟和TSP的影响似乎是乘法的。这项研究的ra数据已与北美其他病例对照研究的数据合并，以对与低剂量住宅ra暴露相关的风险进行更精确的估计。 汇总数据结果的专着报道。合并的主要论文已发表。正在计划进一步汇总关注其他肺癌危险因素的分析。 NIEHS研究的详细结果也在印刷中。初步分析还表明，与慢性呼吸道疾病相关的肺癌有重大风险，似乎没有通过吸烟来解释。已经准备了有关TSP和先前肺部疾病的手稿以提交期刊。