Tailored Intervention for Melanoma Patients' Families

为黑色素瘤患者家庭量身定制干预措施

• 批准号: 6966972
• 负责人: Sharon L Manne
• 金额: $ 49.16万
• 依托单位: FOX CHASE CANCER CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-14 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6966972
• 关键词: attitude; behavior modification; behavioral /social science research tag; body physical characteristic; cancer prevention; cancer risk; clinical research; counseling; data collection methodology /evaluation; environmental adaptation; environmental exposure; family medicine; health behavior; health services research tag; human subject; human therapy evaluation; information dissemination; melanoma; neoplasm /cancer education; outcomes research; public health; self examination; solar radiation; sunscreens; telemedicine; ultraviolet radiation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), the most deadly type of skin cancer, is increasing by epidemic proportions. There are both primary prevention methods and skin cancer surveillance methods for CMM. Because there is substantial evidence from cohort and case-control studies that melanoma is associated with sun exposure, primary prevention involves limiting exposure to solar radiation and applying sunscreen. Because thickness of the lesion is the best predictor of prognosis, skin cancer surveillance by total cutaneous examination (TCE) and skin self-examination (SSE) is thought to increase the chances of detecting thinner melanoma lesions and thereby reducing mortality and morbidity from this disease. However, epidemiologic data supporting regular skin cancer surveillance remains equivocal compared to data supporting other cancer detection and prevention practices. Thus, it may be premature to target average risk populations for interventions to improve skin cancer surveillance practices. However, a strong case can be made for focusing prevention and surveillance efforts on subgroups of individuals at increased risk for melanoma. These individuals would benefit from information about the health behavior changes that may reduce their melanoma risk. In the proposed study, we focus on first degree relatives of individuals diagnosed with melanoma who have one additional risk factor (e.g., blonde hair). Research indicates that family members pay little attention to sun protection and to skin cancer surveillance. Guided by the Preventive Health Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior, we have been able to elucidate key attitudinal factors that play a role in UV protection and CMM surveillance practices among family members at increased risk. We have utilized these data to design a tailored print and telephone counseling intervention targeted to family members of individuals with melanoma. The primary aim of the proposed study is to refine our tailored messages and conduct a randomized clinical trial testing a tailored print and phone counseling intervention against the best available public health education materials for skin cancer prevention. We will target family members who are not compliant with TCE and who are minimal performers of SSE and sun protection. 396 family members will complete the study. Outcomes will be evaluated in terms of TCE, SSE and sun protection habits, as well as changes in attitudes and knowledge about CMM

描述（由申请人提供）：皮肤恶性黑色素瘤（CMM）是最致命的皮肤癌类型，其发病率呈流行趋势。 CMM有一级预防方法和皮肤癌监测方法。由于队列研究和病例对照研究有大量证据表明黑色素瘤与阳光照射有关，因此一级预防包括限制太阳辐射暴露和涂抹防晒霜。由于病变厚度是预后的最佳预测指标，因此通过全身皮肤检查 (TCE) 和皮肤自检 (SSE) 进行皮肤癌监测被认为可以增加检测较薄黑色素瘤病变的机会，从而降低该疾病的死亡率和发病率。然而，与支持其他癌症检测和预防实践的数据相比，支持定期皮肤癌监测的流行病学数据仍然模棱两可。因此，针对平均风险人群进行干预措施以改善皮肤癌监测实践可能还为时过早。然而，有充分理由将预防和监测工作重点放在黑色素瘤风险较高的亚群上。这些人将从有关可能降低黑色素瘤风险的健康行为改变的信息中受益。在拟议的研究中，我们重点关注被诊断患有黑色素瘤的个体的一级亲属，他们有一个额外的危险因素（例如金发）。研究表明，家庭成员很少关注防晒和皮肤癌监测。在预防健康模型和计划行为理论的指导下，我们已经能够阐明在高风险家庭成员的紫外线防护和 CMM 监测实践中发挥作用的关键态度因素。我们利用这些数据设计了针对黑色素瘤患者家庭成员的定制印刷和电话咨询干预措施。拟议研究的主要目的是完善我们定制的信息，并进行随机临床试验，根据现有的最佳预防皮肤癌的公共卫生教育材料来测试定制的印刷品和电话咨询干预措施。我们将针对不符合 TCE 且 SSE 和防晒表现最低的家庭成员。 396名家庭成员将完成这项研究。结果将根据 TCE、SSE 和防晒习惯以及对 CMM 的态度和知识的变化进行评估