LONGITUDINAL TWIN STUDIES OF AFFECTIVE STYLE

情感风格的纵向双胞胎研究

• 批准号: 7197281
• 负责人: Harold Hill Goldsmith
• 金额: $ 30.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7197281
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); amygdala; anxiety; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; child behavior; clinical research; cortisol; electroencephalography; emotions; hippocampus; human subject; longitudinal human study; middle childhood (6-11); morphometry; neuroimaging; prefrontal lobe /cortex; psychopathology; psychophysiology; startle reaction; twin /multiplet; videotape /videodisc

This project comprises two longitudinal twin studies that integrate the study of affective style, affective symptomatology, and affect-related physiology in children and adolescents. In Study A, the twins have already been followed longitudinally with a variety of measures, including detailed videotaped observations. An additional follow-up at age 11-12 years will allow developmental characterization of affective style and frank anxiety/depression. The genetic bases of improvement; chronic course; onset of comorbid symptoms, and other developmental variables will be pursued, as will the link between behavior and some of the neuroscience variables examined by other Center projects. Study A will also seek to identify toddler age risk factors (e.g., shy/inhibited temperament, obsessive features and repetitive movements, auditory and tactile sensitivities, and difficulties in down-regulating negative affect) that might be associated with later internalizing behavioral patterns. Study A shares an assessment protocol with Project 5 (Essex/Klein). To examine the impact of non-genetic factors (and other issues), genetically identical (MZ) cotwins from Study A who are discordant for chronic anxiety, as well as controls, will participate in structural neuroimaging studies. Core C will perform whole brain tensor-based morphometry, which should be more sensitive than most prior methods in determining whether regions of the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala are structurally altered in affected individuals and in their non-affected cotwins. Study B examines the association of individual differences in emotional reactivity and regulation with several psychophysiological measures (EEG, fear-potentiated startle, sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiac measures) as well as basal and reactive cortisol, all within a behavior-genetic framework. One role of Project 4's twin methodology in the broader Center is to help resolve the issue of causal direction in studies of experience and context in affective development. Another role is to determine whether physiological substrates of fearfulness/anxiety actually have a genetic basis, and whether common genetic variance accounts for affect-physiology associations.

该项目包括两项纵向双胞胎研究，这些研究整合了儿童和青少年的情感风格，情感症状和与情感相关的生理学的研究。在研究A中，双胞胎已经纵向遵循了各种措施，包括详细的录像观测。 11-12岁时的额外随访将使情感风格和坦率的焦虑/抑郁症的发展表征。改善的遗传基础；慢性课程；合并症症状的发作以及其他发育变量将被追求，行为与某些神经科学之间的联系也将进行 其他中心项目检查的变量。研究A还将寻求确定幼儿的年龄风险因素（例如，害羞/抑制的气质，强迫性特征和重复运动，听觉和触觉敏感性，以及可能与后来内在的行为模式有关的下调负面影响的困难）。研究A与项目5（Essex/Klein）共享评估方案。为了检查非遗传因素（和其他问题）的影响，研究A的基因相同（MZ）Cotwins对慢性焦虑和控制不一致，将参与结构性神经影像学研究。核心C将进行全部大脑 基于张量的形态计应该比大多数先前的方法更敏感，以确定在受影响的个体及其未受影响的Cotwins中，在结构上改变了海马，前额叶皮层和杏仁核的区域。研究B研究了情绪反应性和调节中个体差异与几个 心理生理学措施（脑电图，恐惧激发的惊吓，交感神经和副交感神经度量）以及基础和反应性皮质醇，都在行为基因遗传框架内。 Project 4的双胞胎方法论在更广泛的中心中的作用是帮助解决情感发展的经验和背景研究中的因果方向问题。另一个角色是确定可怕/焦虑的生理基材是否实际上具有遗传基础，以及常见的遗传差异是否占情感生理学关联。