Rural Labour Markets: Local Multipliers and Agglomeration Spillovers

农村劳动力市场：地方乘数和集聚溢出

• 批准号: 2747444
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Essex
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2747444
• 关键词: Rural; Labour; Markets; Local; Multipliers

Twenty-five percent of the population in developed countries, lives in rural areas.However, social scientists have largely focused on cities in recent decades. As a result, thereis a limited literature on rural areas. Although recent research documents large differences inemployment growth across rural areas, the drivers of labour market dynamics in these areasare still unclear. My research proposal aims to study local multipliers and agglomerationspillovers in rural labour markets, using data for Italy. Local multipliers can be defined as theadditional economic benefit that accrue to the local economy in the presence of a particulartype of economic activity. For example, if a new job is created in an area, the local economybenefits from an increase in both the spending of the firm and the spending of workers. As aresult, the multiplier effect leads to other local industries to benefit as well. Agglomerationspillovers are defined as the benefits that come when firms and people locate near oneanother together in a given geographic area. In the presence of agglomeration spillovers,rural areas can share intermediate input producer and labour pool, with a resulting decreasein cost of productions and relocation costs. Also, thanks to shared knowledge and improvedskills matching, firms experience higher innovation with lower costs and higher profits(O'Sullivan, 9th Edition). In the first strand of my research, I will study local multiplier effectsin rural labour market exploiting demand shocks for the manufacturing of food and beverageindustry. In the second strand, I will study agglomeration spillovers. My research designexploits shocks to SMEs and artisanal workshops. I will use an inverse process compared tothe literature, that tends to exploit firm entry. I will investigate the local labour market effectof firm destruction to explore the extent to which de-agglomeration spillovers affect thelabour market and lead to decrease in productivity and increase in costs at local level. Thefindings will inform governments and policy makers about drivers of labour market dynamicsin peripheral areas and help to address an important gap in our knowledge.

发达国家 25% 的人口生活在农村地区。然而，近几十年来，社会科学家主要关注城市。因此，有关农村地区的文献非常有限。尽管最近的研究表明农村地区就业增长存在巨大差异，但这些地区劳动力市场动态的驱动因素仍不清楚。我的研究提案旨在利用意大利的数据来研究农村劳动力市场的当地乘数和集聚溢出效应。当地乘数可以定义为在特定类型的经济活动存在的情况下为当地经济带来的额外经济利益。例如，如果一个地区创造了新的就业机会，当地经济就会从公司支出和工人支出的增加中受益。因此，乘数效应使其他当地产业也受益。集聚溢出效应被定义为当企业和人们在特定地理区域中彼此靠近时所带来的好处。在集聚溢出的情况下，农村地区可以共享中间投入生产者和劳动力资源，从而降低生产成本和搬迁成本。此外，由于共享知识和改进的技能匹配，企业可以以更低的成本和更高的利润体验更高的创新（奥沙利文，第 9 版）。在我的研究的第一部分中，我将研究农村劳动力市场的当地乘数效应，利用食品和饮料行业制造业的需求冲击。在第二部分，我将研究集聚溢出效应。我的研究设计利用了对中小企业和手工作坊的冲击。与文献相比，我将使用一个相反的过程，它倾向于利用企业进入。我将调查企业破坏对当地劳动力市场的影响，以探讨去集聚溢出效应在多大程度上影响劳动力市场并导致当地生产率下降和成本增加。研究结果将使政府和政策制定者了解外围地区劳动力市场动态的驱动因素，并有助于弥补我们知识上的一个重要差距。