Investigating Cognitive & Neural Bases of Working Memory

认知研究

• 批准号: 7123376
• 负责人: BRADLEY R POSTLE
• 金额: $ 28.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-10 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7123376
• 关键词: attention; behavior test; clinical research; cognition; eye movements; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; perception; prefrontal lobe /cortex; short term memory; statistics /biometry; visual pathways; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Working memory refers to the cognitive capacity that enables the temporary on-line maintenance and manipulation of information when that information is no longer present in the environment. An increasingly important goal for contemporary cognitive neuroscience is to determine which of the many component processes that can contribute to working memory performance are supported by PFC, and which are supported by other brain systems. The component processes that are the focus of this proposal are storage and the subset of control processes that directly facilitate storage. The theoretical framework informing all of the experiments described here is a distributed processes view that holds that most working memory functions are not supported by specialized memory systems, but rather that they arise through the coordinated recruitment, via attention, of brain systems that have evolved to accomplish sensory, representational, or action-related functions. The specific aims of this project are: 1. To test the hypothesis that working memory storage functions are supported in a domain-specific manner in posterior cortical areas, not in PFC. 2. To test the hypothesis that PFC-mediated control processes can protect the contents of working memory storage from interference. Interference can come from two sources, external and internal. a. Hypothesis addressing external interference: An attentional filtering mechanism supported by dorsolateral PFC controls interference from competing stimuli in the environment. b. Hypothesis addressing internal interference: An inhibitory control mechanism supported by left inferior PFC mediates the effects of proactive interference.

描述（由申请人提供）：工作记忆是指当该信息不再存在于环境中时，可以实现临时在线维护和操纵信息的认知能力。当代认知神经科学的一个越来越重要的目标是确定哪些可以促进工作记忆性能的组件过程中的哪些过程得到了PFC的支持，哪些可以得到其他大脑系统的支持。该提案重点的组件过程是存储和直接促进存储的控制过程的子集。在此处描述的所有实验的理论框架是一个分布式过程视图，该视图认为，大多数工作记忆函数不受专门的记忆系统的支持，而是通过关注的脑系统来支持它们，这些函数是通过关注的大脑系统而来的，这些大脑系统已经演变为完成感官，代表性或动作相关的功能。该项目的具体目的是：1。测试以下假设：在后皮质区域而不是PFC中，以域特异性方式支持工作记忆存储功能。 2。为了测试PFC介导的控制过程可以保护工作记忆存储的内容的假设。干扰可能来自两个来源，外部和内部。一个。解决外部干扰的假设：背外侧PFC支持的注意力过滤机制控制着环境中竞争刺激的干扰。 b。解决内部干扰的假设：左下PFC支持的抑制性控制机制介导了主动干扰的影响。