Modeling Face Perception

面部感知建模

• 批准号: 7121512
• 负责人: GARRISON W COTTRELL
• 金额: $ 27.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-08-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7121512
• 关键词: behavior test; clinical research; computational neuroscience; culture; emotions; eye movements; face expression; human subject; learning; model design /development; neural information processing; neuropsychology; perception; performance; psychological models; saccades

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There has been a great deal of progress in understanding how complex visual objects, in particular, human faces, are processed by the cortex. At the same time, sophisticated neural network models have been developed that do many of the same tasks required by these cortical areas. The aim of this proposal is to extend these simplifying models toward an understanding of the extent to which facial expression processing is "universal," versus the extent to which it is experientially mediated. In particular, we focus upon elucidating the following issues through modeling: (1) Understanding cultural variation in expression recognition: contrasting the influence of other race effects versus cultural display rules; (2) Understanding how we become face "experts." Why does the same region of the Fusiform Gyrus get recruited for faces as well as other visual tasks we may be expert in? (3) Understanding the dynamics of facial expertise: How are eye movements planned for efficient feature extraction? In each case, we have developed or will develop a neurocomputational model of the process. Cultural and other-race experience will be modeled by the composition of the internal representations and the training signals of our model. Facial expertise is modeled as a combination of different task requirements (varying the level of categorization required) and length of training. Eye movement modeling will be based on novel and traditional methods for extracting the informative locations on the face for each task. We will develop a theoretical criterion for saccade targets the face based upon mutual information between feature values and the categories required for the task. We also will be performing behavioral experiments to test the predictions of our model. The project will shed light on the way faces are represented and processed by the brain, and should give insights into the problems underlying deficits in face processing such as prosopagnosia.

描述（由申请人提供）：在理解大脑皮层如何处理复杂的视觉对象（特别是人脸）方面已经取得了很大进展。与此同时，复杂的神经网络模型已经开发出来，可以完成这些皮质区域所需的许多相同任务。该提案的目的是将这些简化模型扩展到理解面部表情处理的“普遍性”程度，以及它的经验调节程度。特别是，我们重点通过建模来阐明以下问题：（1）理解表达识别中的文化差异：对比其他种族效应与文化展示规则的影响； （2）了解我们如何成为面部“专家”。为什么梭状回的同一区域会被招募来处理面部以及我们可能擅长的其他视觉任务？ （3）了解面部专业知识的动态：如何规划眼球运动以实现有效的特征提取？在每种情况下，我们已经开发或将开发该过程的神经计算模型。文化和其他种族的经验将通过我们模型的内部表征和训练信号的组成来建模。面部专业知识被建模为不同任务要求（不同所需分类级别）和培训长度的组合。眼动建模将基于新颖和传统的方法来提取每个任务的面部信息位置。我们将根据特征值和任务所需类别之间的相互信息，制定扫视目标面部的理论标准。我们还将进行行为实验来测试我们模型的预测。该项目将揭示大脑表征和处理面部的方式，并深入了解面部处理缺陷的潜在问题，例如面容失认症。