Resiliency and Vulnerability in African American Parents

非裔美国父母的弹性和脆弱性

• 批准号: 7148246
• 负责人: Carolyn E Cutrona
• 金额: $ 56.46万
• 依托单位: IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-01-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7148246
• 关键词: African American; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; clinical research; dyadic interaction; gene environment interaction; genetic susceptibility; human genetic material tag; human middle age (35-64); human subject; interpersonal relations; interview; longitudinal human study; marriage /marital status; mental health epidemiology; parent offspring interaction; personality; psychological adaptation; psychological aspect of aging; psychological models; psychological stressor; single nucleotide polymorphism; social support network; socioenvironment; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Prior to the mid-1980's, our knowledge of African American mental health was primarily derived from clinical and community studies that emphasized race-comparative analyses [1-3]. Furthermore, life span research has largely neglected African American adults. As emphasized by the Surgeon General's Report on Mental Health, there is a pressing need to understand the unique experiences and determinants of mental health among African Americans. Understanding the environmental contexts in which African American families live is a crucial component of this endeavor. African American families live in a broad range of contexts, from abject poverty to affluence; important environmental effects are frequently ignored in studies of African American families and contextual influences are sometimes attributed to race. Our analyses of previous waves of data from this sample showed significant neighborhood-level contributions to both symptoms of distress and diagnosable disorder [4, 5]. At the same time, it is increasingly important to incorporate the potential role of genetics into culturally sensitive, longitudinal investigations of African Americans. Twin and adoption studies indicate that there is substantial heritability for a number of psychiatric outcomes [6, 7]. The data for the proposed project will be collected from an existing sample of over 700 African American women and their spouses or co-caregivers from Iowa and Georgia who were recruited to participate in the Family and Community Health Study (FACHS). The primary focus will foe predicting anxiety and depression symptoms and disorders (major depression and generalized anxiety disorder). Three waves of data have been completed and a fourth wave is in the process of being collected. We seek to collect two additional waves of data. In the first four waves, information was obtained regarding the neighborhood characteristics, personal characteristics, psychological symptoms, psychiatric diagnoses, health, attitudes, close relationships, and stressful experiences of the participants. The new data will build upon and extend the existing data, including new and more precise measurement of neighborhood characteristics using GPS technology, specific dimensions of life events (severity, loss, entrapment, humiliation, and danger), more precise dating of life events and disorder onset, and the measurement of potential candidate genes that have been associated with depression and anxiety disorders. This analysis of multi-level influences will offer a unique opportunity to understand the complex etiological factors that contribute to mental health outcomes in midlife African American women, a significantly under-studied population. The information we gain can be used to develop culturally-sensitive interventions to improve the mental health of African American women.

描述（由申请人提供）：在1980年代中期之前，我们对非裔美国人心理健康的了解主要源自临床和社区研究，强调种族比较分析[1-3]。此外，寿命研究在很大程度上被忽视了非裔美国人。正如外科医生关于心理健康报告的强调，有必要了解非裔美国人心理健康的独特经历和决定因素。了解非洲裔美国家庭生活的环境环境是这项努力的关键组成部分。从巨大的贫困到富裕的非洲裔美国家庭生活在广泛的环境中。在非洲裔美国家庭的研究中，经常忽略重要的环境影响，有时会归因于种族。我们对该样本的先前数据浪潮的分析表明，对遇险症状和可诊断性疾病的症状都有显着的邻里水平贡献[4，5]。同时，将遗传学的潜在作用纳入对非裔美国人的文化敏感，纵向研究变得越来越重要。双胞胎和收养研究表明，许多精神病结果具有实质性的遗传力[6，7]。拟议项目的数据将从现有的700多名非裔美国妇女及其配偶或爱荷华州和佐治亚州的共同保养者的样本中收集，他们被招募参加家庭和社区健康研究（FACHS）。主要的重点将为预测焦虑和抑郁症状和疾病（重度抑郁症和普遍焦虑症）。已经完成了三波数据波，并且正在收集第四波。我们试图收集另外两个数据浪潮。在前四波浪潮中，获得了有关邻里特征，个人特征，心理症状，精神诊断，健康，态度，亲密关系以及参与者压力的经历的信息。新数据将基于并扩展现有数据，包括使用GPS技术对邻里特征的新数据，生命事件的特定维度（严重性，丧失，夹带，屈辱和危险），对生活事件的更精确的约会以及与抑郁症和焦虑症相关的潜在候选基因的测量。对多层次影响的分析将提供一个独特的机会，以了解有助于中年非裔美国妇女心理健康成果的复杂病因学因素，这是一个严重研究的人群。我们获得的信息可用于开发对文化敏感的干预措施，以改善非洲裔美国妇女的心理健康。