Identifying Adaptive and Maladaptive Responses in the Human Connectome to Inhibitory Control Challenges

识别人类连接组对抑制控制挑战的适应性和适应不良反应

• 批准号: 9360936
• 负责人: Naomi Samimi-Sadeh
• 金额: $ 24.27万
• 依托单位: DELAWARE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9360936
• 关键词: Adult; Affective; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Amygdaloid structure; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Binge Eating; Biological Assay; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Cessation of life; Clinical; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Cues; Data; Data Collection; Delaware; Disease; Emotional; Etiology; Failure; Female; Goals; Graph; Health; Human; Impulse Control Disorders; Impulsive Behavior; Individual; Informal Social Control; Knowledge; Life; MRI Scans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Modeling; Moods; Motivation; National Institute of Mental Health; Neurosciences Research; Participant; Pathologic; Performance; Population; Process; Property; Psychopathology; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Design; Research Domain Criteria; Research Personnel; Resources; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Self-control as a personality trait; Structure; Suicide; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Violence; cohort; connectome; distraction; flexibility; follow-up; graph theory; high risk behavior; improved; negative mood; novel; post-traumatic stress; premature; psychiatric symptom; psychologic; relating to nervous system; resilience; response; support network

ABSTRACT The capacity for self-control is one of the strongest predictors of psychological and physical well-being, with researchers estimating that 80-90% of self-control in everyday life relies on inhibitory processes. Poor inhibitory control negatively impacts health in numerous ways, including by increasing engagement in risky and impulsive behaviors that are associated with premature death and disease (e.g., reckless driving, unsafe sexual practices, aggression, binge eating). Notably, inhibitory control failure is a transdiagnostic feature of a diverse array of mental disorders (e.g., posttraumatic stress, substance use, impulse control disorders) and other harmful behaviors (e.g., suicide, violence). While it is known that inhibitory failures occur reliably more often in specific cognitive, motivational, and emotional contexts, particularly in mental illness, how such contexts impact the functional brain networks supporting inhibitory control remains largely unknown. The long- term goal of this research is to harness knowledge about the brain mechanisms of inhibition to advance etiological models of mental disorders. The objective of this proposal is to determine how functional brain networks supporting inhibitory control respond to situational challenges and to evaluate the relevance of these network adaptations for predicting self-control, psychopathology symptoms, and risky behavior. The specific aims of the proposal are to: 1) determine how functional networks adapt to contextual challenges (cognitive resource depletion, competing reward cues, negative mood induction) during inhibitory control tasks, 2) establish the validity and replicability of shifts in the functional connectome in response to contextual challenges, 3) evaluate whether context-related shifts in functional network organization predict self-control, vulnerabilities for psychopathology, and risky behavior in healthy controls, and 4) examine functional connectome metrics of inhibitory control in clinical samples. The study design involves new data collection on two cohorts: a sample of healthy controls (N = 100) and a clinical sample of individuals with a history of mental health treatment (N = 50). The healthy control sample will be assessed at two time points approximately three months apart. All participants will undergo MRI scanning and a thorough clinical/ behavioral assessment to assess self-regulation, vulnerabilities for psychopathology, psychiatric symptoms, and risky behaviors. The knowledge gained from the proposed research has the potential to significantly advance current models of inhibition by delineating how the neural networks supporting self-control flexibly adapt to situational challenges and confer risk for psychopathology and risky behaviors.

抽象的 自我控制能力是心理和身体健康最有力的预测因素之一， 研究人员估计，日常生活中 80-90% 的自我控制依赖于抑制过程。贫穷的 抑制控制以多种方式对健康产生负面影响，包括增加参与危险和危险的活动 与过早死亡和疾病相关的冲动行为（例如鲁莽驾驶、不安全 性行为、攻击性、暴饮暴食）。值得注意的是，抑制控制失败是一个跨诊断特征 各种精神障碍（例如创伤后应激障碍、药物滥用、冲动控制障碍）和 其他有害行为（例如自杀、暴力）。虽然众所周知，抑制性故障更可靠地发生 通常在特定的认知、动机和情感背景下，特别是在精神疾病中，如何 环境对支持抑制控制的功能性大脑网络的影响仍然很大程度上未知。长- 这项研究的长期目标是利用有关大脑抑制机制的知识来推进 精神障碍的病因学模型。该提案的目的是确定大脑的功能如何 支持抑制控制的网络应对情境挑战并评估这些挑战的相关性 用于预测自我控制、精神病理学症状和危险行为的网络适应。具体的 该提案的目标是：1）确定功能网络如何适应情境挑战（认知挑战） 抑制控制任务期间的资源耗尽、竞争性奖励线索、消极情绪诱导，2) 建立功能连接组响应情境变化的有效性和可复制性 挑战，3）评估功能网络组织中与环境相关的转变是否可以预测自我控制， 精神病理学的脆弱性和健康控制中的危险行为，以及 4）检查功能 临床样本中抑制控制的连接组指标。研究设计涉及新的数据收集 两个队列：健康对照样本（N = 100）和有精神疾病史的个体临床样本 健康治疗（N = 50）。健康对照样本将在大约三点的两个时间点进行评估 相隔几个月。所有参与者都将接受 MRI 扫描和彻底的临床/行为评估，以 评估自我调节、精神病理学脆弱性、精神症状和危险行为。这 从拟议研究中获得的知识有可能显着推进当前的模型 通过描述支持自我控制的神经网络如何灵活地适应情境挑战来抑制 并赋予精神病理学和危险行为的风险。