Functional Neuroimaging of Strategic Retrieval Processes

策略检索过程的功能神经影像

• 批准号: 7100488
• 负责人: Ian G Dobbins
• 金额: $ 29.53万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7100488
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain interhemispheric activity; brain mapping; brain metabolism; clinical research; cues; developmental psychology; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human middle age (35-64); human subject; memory; memory disorders; neuroimaging; neuropsychology; oxygen transport; prefrontal lobe /cortex; psychological tests; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Episodic remembering critically relies on the generation retrieval plans, the elaborative processing of retrieval probes, the resolution of interference, and the monitoring of the sufficiency of memory with respect to decision criteria. Although prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the favored candidate for these mechanisms, regional and hemispheric localization for these mechanisms is unclear. Using a component-process model we will: (1) Determine whether left PFC is critically involved in formulating episodic retrieval plans. Recent research contrasting context and item memory have consistently identified left PFC and indicated that activity is not dependent on success, suggesting that it is the intent to retrieve contextual information that is critical. Here we intend to separate cue/question and probe dependent activity and determine whether these regions respond to non-verbalizable probes during contextually based retrieval demands. (2) Conduct Decision Theory based manipulations of memory decision criteria. By manipulating the number, location, and quality of decision criteria we will isolate PFC regions critical for implementing decision rules to memory content. (3) Investigate hemispheric asymmetries during episodic retrieval. Recent evidence suggests hemispheric asymmetries in PFC (particularly dorsal and polar) with left regions associated with contextually specific source attribution, and homologous right PFC regions showing relative increases during judgments of item recency or frequency, which are potentially based on global familiarity assessment. By directly contrasting recency, frequency, and context retrieval for matched materials within subjects, we will test whether the hemispheres are involved in fundamentally different aspects of memory retrieval, advancing beyond earlier constructs such as "effort" or "difficulty". Neurological changes during healthy aging and neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's Dementia, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Traumatic Brain Injury) severely impact memory performance. However, because the control or decision processes regulating memory expression are poorly understood, behavioral impairments could often result from damage to systems that represent or store memory evidence, systems responsible for imposing decisions upon that content, or some combination of the 2. Determining how PFC regions normally regulate the translation of memory content into decisions or actions is therefore critical in understanding the memory performance decline in the above populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：情景记忆关键依赖于生成检索计划、检索探针的精细处理、干扰的解决以及相对于决策标准对记忆充足性的监控。尽管前额皮质（PFC）是这些机制的首选候选者，但这些机制的区域和半球定位尚不清楚。使用组件过程模型，我们将：（1）确定左 PFC 是否关键参与制定情景恢复计划。最近对比情境和项目记忆的研究一致确定了左前额皮质，并表明活动并不依赖于成功，这表明检索情境信息的意图才是至关重要的。在这里，我们打算将提示/问题和探测相关活动分开，并确定这些区域在基于上下文的检索需求期间是否对不可语言的探测做出反应。 (2) 进行基于决策理论的记忆决策标准操作。通过操纵决策标准的数量、位置和质量，我们将隔离对内存内容实施决策规则至关重要的 PFC 区域。 (3) 研究情景检索期间的半球不对称性。最近的证据表明，PFC（特别是背侧和极侧）的半球不对称，左侧区域与上下文特定的来源归因相关，而同源的右侧 PFC 区域在项目新近度或频率判断过程中显示出相对增加，这可能基于全局熟悉度评估。通过直接对比受试者内匹配材料的新近度、频率和上下文检索，我们将测试大脑半球是否参与记忆检索的根本不同方面，超越早期的概念，例如“努力”或“困难”。健康老龄化过程中的神经系统变化和神经系统疾病（例如阿尔茨海默氏痴呆、轻度认知障碍、创伤性脑损伤）会严重影响记忆能力。然而，由于对调节记忆表达的控制或决策过程知之甚少，行为障碍通常可能是由于代表或存储记忆证据的系统、负责对该内容施加决策的系统或两者的某种组合的损坏造成的。 2. 确定 PFC 如何进行这些区域通常调节记忆内容转化为决策或行动，因此对于理解上述人群的记忆表现下降至关重要。