HIV Risk Reduction Predictors in Russian Social Networks

俄罗斯社交网络中的艾滋病毒风险降低预测因素

• 批准号: 7140576
• 负责人: Yuri A Amirkhanian
• 金额: $ 15.29万
• 依托单位: MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-26 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7140576
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; Commonwealth of Independent States; HIV infections; behavior modification; behavior therapy; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral medicine; clinical research; clinical trials; community health services; data collection methodology /evaluation; focus groups; health services research tag; high risk behavior /lifestyle; homosexuals; human subject; interpersonal relations; interview; leadership; outcomes research; sex behavior; sex partner; social status; social support network; sociometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): HIV prevention outcome trials are designed primarily to test the efficacy of an intervention but frequently leave unanswered many important theoretical and practical questions about the processes through which the intervention produces behavior change effects, the mechanisms by which the intervention works, for whom it works best, and how risk reduction behavior changes were made and how they positively or negatively influence participants' relationships. An NIMH-supported randomized trial, now underway in Eastern Europe, is evaluating the outcomes of an HIV prevention intervention that recruits high-risk social networks in community venues, and identifies and trains the leader of each social network to counsel other network members in risk reduction. Preliminary analyses already show that the intervention is producing large sexual risk reduction effects. The research proposed in this application consists of one quantitative and two qualitative studies that will explore the model's mechanisms and underpinnings with a sample of 68 networks that are participating in the intervention trial in St. Petersburg, Russia. The quantitative study will collect additional data to analyze how intervention effects may depend upon social network density, temporal stability, strength of leader social status, and frequency of member interaction. After the parent study's final follow-up, two new qualitative studies will be conducted. One will consist of focus groups that include all members of 24 intact social networks, half who received the network intervention and half from the present study's control arm. The focus groups will represent those networks that most reduced their HIV risk behavior and those that least changed in their risk behavior levels. The other qualitative study will consist of individual in-depth interviews with the 40 participants who most-and the 40 who least-reduced their own risk behavior. Focus groups will examine processes and communication patterns that took place in formerly high-risk networks following intervention. In-depth interviews will explore how participants made risk reduction changes, the impact of changes in their relationships, and factors that facilitated or impeded their risk reduction behavior change efforts. There is growing interest in the field for testing network-level HIV prevention interventions. The proposed research will enhance our theoretical understanding of the risk reduction behavior change processes that occur in social networks. The work carries applied public health significance because its findings can guide service provider programs based on social network intervention approaches. Although this research will involve analyses related to a social network intervention being carried out in Russia, findings of the study are expected to also more generally shed light on theoretical and applied issues relevant to social network HIV prevention approaches carried out in the U.S.

描述（由申请人提供）： HIV预防结果试验主要旨在测试干预措施的功效，但经常对干预措施产生行为改变效果的过程，干预效果的机制，为之效果最佳的机制以及如何使风险减少行为变化以及如何进行风险变化以及它们如何产生积极或负面影响参与者的关系的方式，尚未解决许多重要的理论和实际问题。 NIMH支持的随机试验现在正在东欧进行，正在评估预防艾滋病毒预防干预措施的结果，该干预措施在社区场所招募了高风险的社交网络，并确定并培训每个社交网络的领导者，以咨询其他网络成员的风险降低。初步分析已经表明，干预措施正在产生大量的性风险效应。本应用程序中提出的研究包括一项定量和两项定性研究，该研究将探索该模型的机制和基础，并通过68个网络样本，这些网络正在参加俄罗斯圣彼得堡的干预试验。定量研究将收集其他数据，以分析干预效应如何取决于社交网络密度，时间稳定性，领导者社会状况的强度以及成员相互作用的频率。在父母研究的最后随访之后，将进行两项新的定性研究。其中一个将包括包括24个完整社交网络的所有成员，一半接受网络干预的成员，以及本研究的控制部门的一半。焦点小组将代表那些最大程度降低其艾滋病毒风险行为的网络，而那些在风险行为水平上最少发生变化的网络。另一项定性研究将包括对40名参与者以及40名最少降低自身风险行为的个人深入访谈。焦点小组将检查干预后以前高风险网络中发生的过程和沟通模式。深入的访谈将探讨参与者如何减少风险的变化，其关系变化的影响以及促进或阻碍其风险降低行为行为改变工作的因素。对该领域测试网络级预防干预措施的兴趣越来越大。拟议的研究将增强我们对社交网络中发生的降低风险行为变化过程的理论理解。这项工作具有应用公共卫生的意义，因为其发现可以根据社交网络干预方法指导服务提供商计划。尽管这项研究将涉及与俄罗斯进行的社交网络干预有关的分析，但该研究的发现也有望更普遍地揭示与美国在美国采取的与社交网络HIV预防方法相关的理论和应用问题。