Prenatal Influences on Brain and Behavioral Development

产前对大脑和行为发育的影响

• 批准号: 7055448
• 负责人: SARAH J SHORT
• 金额: $ 3.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7055448
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; behavior disorders; behavioral /social science research tag; biomarker; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; cortisol; developmental neurobiology; disease /disorder model; disease /disorder proneness /risk; endocrine disorder; hippocampus; host organism interaction; hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis; immune response; influenza; magnetic resonance imaging; mental health epidemiology; model design /development; placenta; predoctoral investigator; vertical transmission

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The effects of maternal influenza exposure on the developing fetal brain and the associated risk for behavioral and hormone dysfunction will be examined. The importance of virus-induced changes in maternal immunity and placental physiology will be analyzed with respect to the development of the infant postpartum. The studies proposed for this fellowship are designed to: 1) create a nonhuman primate model of flu infection during pregnancy; 2) identify the physical, behavioral, and neuroendocrine profiles of flu-exposed and control infants; 3) measure hippocampal vulnerability to prenatal insult using structural MR imaging and assessment of the HPA axis in cortisol release and negative feedback. Development of a nonhuman primate model that utilizes a human derived strain of the influenza virus has important implications for understanding how flu exposure during pregnancy may impact the mental and physical health of children. Furthermore, these findings are relevant to neuropsychiatric diseases and cognitive disorders that may be due to disturbed prenatal development, involving high levels of maternal cytokines or steroid hormones that interrupt normal neuronal differentiation and development of the brain

描述（由申请人提供）：将检查母亲流感暴露对胎儿大脑发育的影响以及行为和激素功能障碍的相关风险。将根据婴儿产后发育来分析病毒引起的母体免疫力和胎盘生理学变化的重要性。该奖学金的研究旨在：1）创建怀孕期间流感感染的非人类灵长类动物模型； 2) 识别流感暴露婴儿和对照婴儿的身体、行为和神经内分泌特征； 3) 使用结构 MR 成像测量海马对产前损伤的脆弱性，并评估 HPA 轴的皮质醇释放和负反馈。利用人类衍生的流感病毒株开发非人类灵长类动物模型对于了解怀孕期间接触流感如何影响儿童的身心健康具有重要意义。此外，这些发现与神经精神疾病和认知障碍有关，这些疾病和认知障碍可能是由于产前发育障碍所致，涉及高水平的母体细胞因子或类固醇激素，会中断正常的神经元分化和大脑发育