Vulnerability Factors Among Migrant Puerto Rican Fami

波多黎各移民家庭的脆弱因素

• 批准号: 6982809
• 负责人: kathleen r merikangas
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6982809
• 关键词: Puerto Rican; adolescence (12-20); behavioral /social science research tag; comorbidity; culture; disease /disorder proneness /risk; epidemiology; family structure /dynamics; human migration; human subject; longitudinal human study; psychopathology; social psychology; socioenvironment; statistics /biometry; substance abuse related behavior; substance abuse related disorder

Substance abuse and its sequelae, particularly AIDS and interpersonal violence, constitute a contemporary public health crisis of ever-widening impact. The increasing risk of substance abuse in youth, particularly among urban minorities, reveals the need for prevention and early intervention measures. Elucidation of the role of specific familial and sociocultural factors in the development of drug use and abuse would yield targets for primary and secondary prevention of substance abuse and its complications. This application proposes to integrate family and migrant study methodology in a five-year prospective epidemiologic study of adolescent offspring of native and migrant Puerto Rican substance abusers and controls. The wave of migration of Puerto Ricans to Connecticut over several decades provides an exceptional opportunity to differentiate cultural, familial, and individual risk and protective factors for adolescent drug use and abuse. Puerto Ricans are an important yet understudied ethnic subgroup characterized by an apparently low prevalence of substance use and abuse on the island of Puerto Rico, yet by a prevalence of AIDS that is among the greatest in the world. Migrant study methodology permits identification of environmental risk factors for substance use/abuse by comparing the disease experience of biologically similar subgroups in their native and adopted environments. The family study method enables the identification of transmissible components of a condition by comparing the rates and risk factors for diseases in relatives of cases with those of controls. Combining these two approaches in a single study to investigate risk factors for substance abuse allows us to: a) identify the relative contribution of family history of substance abuse and psychopathology on drug use and abuse in Puerto Rican adolescents while taking into account the influence of cultural environment, and b) identify the relative contribution of cultural factors on the risk of adolescent substance use and abuse, while taking into account background familial factors. The main aims of the study are: (1) to elucidate familial patterns of substance use and abuse and comorbid psychopathology among island and mainland Puerto Ricans; (2) to investigate the role of specific sociocultural factors in the development of adolescent substance use and abuse; (3) to identify and model the dynamics of the salient risk and protective factors at the individual, familial, and environmental levels for Puerto Rican adolescents at high and low risk for the development of substance abuse by virtue of parental substance abuse, and; (4) to conduct a longitudinal follow-up of the offspring to examine transitions in substance use status, and the association between the early patterns of substance use and comorbid psychopathology (including course and outcomes), as well as examine the stability of the assessments. Data collection of this study was completed at Yale University before the Principal Investigator?s relocation to the NIMH. The resources of our section have been devoted to developing analytic models for this complex data set comprised of families nested within sites. With outside statistical consultation, we have completed the initial analyses of these data. There are several manuscripts in preparation to report the results of this unique study. During the next year, we expect to submit several papers on this project for publication. This project serves as a model for cross-cultural research that uses the migrant study design to identify specific cultural risk factors that may serve as targets for prevention and intervention.

药物滥用及其后遗症，尤其是艾滋病和人际暴力，构成了当代的公共卫生危机。年轻人（尤其是在城市少数群体中，滥用药物的风险）的增加揭示了预防和早期干预措施的必要性。阐明特定的家族和社会文化因素在毒品使用和滥用的发展中的作用将产生目标和次要预防药物滥用及其并发症的目标。 该申请建议将家庭和移民研究方法整合在一项五年的前瞻性流行病学研究中，该研究是针对天然和移民波多黎各人的滥用者和对照组的青少年后代。几十年来，波多黎各人到康涅狄格州的迁移浪潮为青少年吸毒和滥用而区分文化，家族和个人风险和保护因素提供了极大的机会。波多黎各人是一个重要但经过研究的族裔亚组，其特征是波多黎各岛上的物质使用和滥用率显然较低，但由于世界上最伟大的艾滋病患病率。 移民研究方法允许通过比较其本地和采用环境中生物学相似的亚组的疾病经验来鉴定物质使用/滥用的环境风险因素。家庭研究方法可以通过比较病例中的疾病的率和风险因素与对照组的疾病的率和风险因素来识别疾病的可传播成分。将这两种方法结合在一项研究中，以调查滥用药物的风险因素，使我们可以：a）确定滥用药物和心理病理学家族病史对波多黎各人青少年的药物使用和滥用的相对贡献，同时考虑了文化环境的影响，b）确定文化因素对滥用和滥用的风险的相对贡献，同时探讨了背景因素，同时又涉及背景家庭。该研究的主要目的是： （1）阐明岛屿和波多黎各大陆之间的物质使用，滥用和合并症的家族模式； （2）调查特定社会文化因素在青少年使用和滥用的发展中的作用； （3）在波多黎各人的个人，家族和环境水平上确定和建模显着风险和保护因素的动态，以造成父母的药物滥用，以高和低风险滥用药物滥用的风险和低风险； （4）对后代进行纵向随访，以检查物质使用状态的过渡，以及物质使用的早期模式与合并症的精神病理学（包括课程和结果）之间的关联，并检查评估的稳定性。 这项研究的数据收集是在耶鲁大学完成的，在首席研究员搬迁到NIMH之前。我们部分的资源致力于开发该复杂数据集的分析模型，该数据集由嵌套站点内的家庭组成。通过外部统计咨询，我们完成了对这些数据的初步分析。有几种手稿准备报告这项独特研究的结果。在明年，我们希望就该项目提交几篇论文以进行发布。该项目是跨文化研究的模型，该研究使用移民研究设计来确定可能是预防和干预目标的特定文化风险因素。