Status & Gender Influences on Perceptions of MR

地位

• 批准号: 6856559
• 负责人: KRISTA M WILKINSON
• 金额: $ 7.79万
• 依托单位: EMERSON COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6856559
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; developmental disease /disorder; female; functional ability; gender difference; human subject; mental retardation; perception; person with disability; psycholinguistics; social behavior; social psychology; speech

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent legislation has ensured legal and educational rights for members of society with a diverse range of disabilities. The extent to which these shifts have affected perceptions and behavior by non-disabled members of society is not yet clear. What is known, however, is that an individual's ability to function in social, educational, and vocational environments is dependent not just on the behavior of that individual, but also on the ways in which he or she is perceived and treated by the larger society. Thus, exploring perceptions of and responses to individuals with disabilities is essential. This application will explore two factors that social psychologists have demonstrated to be important determinants of social interactions. One is "status," that is, a person's social standing, rank position, dominance, or power relative to other group members. The second is gender and adherence to gender-typical behavior. Both have been shown to clearly and consistently affect perceptions and behavior in the general population. Despite extensive research with non-disabled people, virtually nothing is known about the extent to which status and/or gender affect perceptions and behaviors when the individuals under consideration have a manifest intellectual disability. It is perhaps surprising that two factors that have received such widespread attention in other populations have been largely ignored in the area of developmental disabilities. Are individuals with intellectual impairments judged and responded to along the dimensions of status and gender-typical behavior? If so, the ability of such people to interact and function may be affected. This project has two specific aims: (a) to identify whether adherence to gender-typical behavior influences perceptions of females with intellectual disabilities by non-disabled individuals, and (b) to evaluate the role of gender and perceived status in determining behavior exhibited towards females with intellectual disabilities. Study 1 examines how non-disabled adults rate interactions when a female with mental retardation adheres to female-typical speech patterns as compared to when she does not. Study 2 manipulates the perceived status of an individual (a research confederate) to explore whether non-disabled adults behave differently toward someone they expect has mental retardation than someone considered to be a peer, someone of higher status, or someone of lower status.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近的立法确保了患有各种残疾的社会成员的法律和教育权利。 这些转变在多大程度上影响了社会非残疾人成员的观念和行为尚不清楚。 然而，众所周知的是，一个人在社会、教育和职业环境中发挥作用的能力不仅取决于该人的行为，还取决于整个社会如何看待和对待他或她。 。 因此，探索对残疾人的看法和反应至关重要。 该应用程序将探讨社会心理学家已证明是社会互动的重要决定因素的两个因素。 一是“地位”，即一个人相对于其他群体成员的社会地位、等级地位、支配地位或权力。 第二个是性别和对典型性别行为的坚持。 事实证明，两者都会明显且持续地影响普通人群的观念和行为。 尽管对非残疾人进行了广泛的研究，但当所考虑的个人具有明显的智力障碍时，对于地位和/或性别对感知和行为的影响程度几乎一无所知。 也许令人惊讶的是，在其他人群中受到如此广泛关注的两个因素在发育障碍领域却基本上被忽视了。 是否会根据地位和性别典型行为的维度对智力障碍人士进行判断和回应？ 如果是这样，这些人的互动和运作能力可能会受到影响。 该项目有两个具体目标：(a) 确定对性别典型行为的坚持是否会影响非残疾人对智力障碍女性的看法，(b) 评估性别和感知地位在决定对智力障碍女性表现出的行为方面的作用。有智力障碍的女性。 研究 1 研究了当患有精神障碍的女性遵守女性典型的言语模式时与不遵守时，非残疾成年人如何评价互动。 研究 2 操纵个体（研究伙伴）的感知状态，以探讨非残疾成年人对待他们认为患有智力迟钝的人的行为是否与被视为同龄人、地位较高或地位较低的人不同。