If we are not morally responsible, what does this mean for our public and private lives?

如果我们没有道德责任，这对我们的公共和私人生活意味着什么？

• 批准号: 2447094
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2447094
• 关键词: morally; responsible; what; does; mean

Say we should never be held morally responsible - in the sense that we cannot truly (or 'basically') deserve praise or blame for our actions (Fischer 2007, Pereboom 2014). What would this mean - practically speaking - for our public policy and for how we interact with one another? To date, philosophers have largely skirted this question. My project will confront it head-on, investigating the implications of our lacking this 'basic desert moral responsibility' within two domains. First, the 'interpersonal' domain: where we treat each other as morally responsible in our everyday interactions through exhibiting 'reactive attitudes' (Strawson 1962) such as gratitude or resentment. Second, the domain of public policy: specifically, those policies and systems whereby society rewards the 'praiseworthy' and punishes the 'blameworthy'.To make progress on these matters I will develop an account of justifiable moral responsibility practices, which has application to both domains. I envisage this account will emphasise the role that particular background, situational conditions play in determining whether ascriptions of moral responsibility lead tomorally problematic outcomes. I will also explore how our appraisive practices in non-moral domains (most notably, art and sports) can teach us how we might amend our practices of moral praising and blaming. Finally I will draw up a set of recommendations for how we ought to reform our practices in bothdomains, if a skeptical approach to basic desert moral responsibility is taken.I am perfectly positioned to undertake this research. I have a BA in Philosophy (First) and an MA in Global Ethics & Human Values (Distinction). I received a prize for best overall grade in my MA class (74). Following my MA, I took up positions in local government policy and project management roles. This hasgiven me a unique insight into many of the policy problems I wish to investigate in this research, as well as experience of delivering complex projects to a deadline. My work experience has also given me a wider perspective on how philosophical argument is translated effectively into public policy, which I willcall upon in drawing out the real-world applicability of my research.I am delighted to have identified a cross-institutional supervisory team which ideally fits my research topic. My proposed supervisors Chris Woodard and Aness Webster at Nottingham are leading philosophers on issues of moral responsibility; likewise Jussi Suikkanen at Birmingham who focuses on the meta-ethical dimensions of the subject.

说我们永远不应该承担道德责任——从某种意义上说，我们不能真正（或“基本上”）因我们的行为而受到赞扬或指责（Fischer 2007，Pereboom 2014）。实际上，这对于我们的公共政策以及我们如何彼此互动意味着什么？迄今为止，哲学家们基本上回避了这个问题。我的项目将正面面对它，调查我们在两个领域内缺乏这种“基本应得道德责任”的影响。首先，“人际”领域：在日常互动中，我们通过表现出感激或怨恨等“反应态度”（Strawson 1962），将彼此视为道德上负责任的人。其次，公共政策领域：具体来说，是社会奖励“值得赞扬”并惩罚“应受谴责”的政策和制度。为了在这些问题上取得进展，我将制定合理的道德责任实践的说明，该说明适用于两者域。我设想这个解释将强调特定背景、情境条件在确定道德责任的归属是否会导致道德问题结果方面所发挥的作用。我还将探讨我们在非道德领域（尤其是艺术和体育）的评价实践如何教会我们如何修正道德赞扬和谴责的做法。最后，如果对基本的应得道德责任采取怀疑态度，我将起草一套关于我们应该如何改革我们在这两个领域的实践的建议。我完全有能力进行这项研究。我拥有哲学学士学位（第一）和全球伦理与人类价值观硕士学位（优异）。我获得了我的硕士班的最佳总体成绩奖（74）。获得硕士学位后，我担任了地方政府政策和项目管理职务。这使我对我希望在这项研究中调查的许多政策问题有了独特的见解，并获得了按时交付复杂项目的经验。我的工作经验也让我对如何将哲学论证有效转化为公共政策有了更广阔的视角，我将在阐述我的研究在现实世界中的适用性时利用这一点。我很高兴找到了一个跨机构的监督团队，非常适合我的研究主题。我提议的诺丁汉导师克里斯·伍达德（Chris Woodard）和阿内斯·韦伯斯特（Aness Webster）是道德责任问题上的领先哲学家。伯明翰的 Jussi Suikkanen 也同样关注该主题的元伦理维度。