Microbial Control of Immature Anopheles Mosquitoes

未成熟按蚊的微生物控制

• 批准号: 6744056
• 负责人: Robert J. Novak
• 金额: $ 64.64万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-05-02 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6744056
• 关键词: Africa; Anopheles; Bacillus; agriculture; animal population density; arthropod nonpollutant control; communicable disease control; cooperative study; disease vectors; malaria; rice; technology /technique development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The scientific goal of this research proposal is to demonstrate that larval management using environmentally safe and efficacious microbial insecticides in rice can provide an integral part of a malaria control program. This investigation is designed to develop larval management strategies and new microbial formulations that can provide additional entomological tools to reduce malaria in conjunction with adult control, personal protection, and clinical treatment. This proposal emphasizes attacking anopheline mosquitoes before they become airborne, when they are the most concentrated, immobile and accessible, or basic Integrated Mosquito Management (IMM). The greatest barrier to initiating a larval management program is that larval ecology of African malaria vectors is a neglected area of malaria research. Thus there has also been an associated lack of research in the development and deployment of environmentally safe microbial larvicides, such as Bacillus thuriengiensis var. isrealensis (Bti) and Bacillus sphaericus (Bsph). In order to develop, implement, and maintain a mosquito management program in rice irrigation schemes, we must determine site-specific IMM critical elements; the when, where, and how to reduce adult emergence by larval management. This study will provide both the efficacy data on the impact of microbial control and critical environmental data necessary for registration of new formulations both in the US and in international locations, thus circumventing prohibitive costs to industry. To accomplish this goal, the following specific aims have been developed. 1) determine the spatial and temporal distribution and abundance of Anopheles larval habitats and their vector productivity in irrigated rice-village complexes, 2) determine the key environmental, agricultural, and ecological factors that regulate vector productivity and non-target abundance and diversity in the larval habitats, 3) develop, evaluate and register new microbial-larvicide formulation(s) designed for effective residual control of anopheline larvae, and 4) implement and evaluate the impact of an area-wide mosquito management program on the entomological parameters associated with the transmission of malaria in rice.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项研究建议的科学目标是证明，使用环境安全有效的微生物杀虫剂在大米中使用幼虫管理可以为疟疾控制计划提供不可或缺的一部分。该研究旨在制定幼虫管理策略和新的微生物配方，这些制剂可以提供其他昆虫学工具，以减少疟疾，并结合成人控制，个人保护和临床治疗。该提议强调在蚊子成为空降之前攻击蚊子，当它们成为最集中，不动和易于使用的蚊子或基本综合蚊子管理（IMM）。启动幼虫管理计划的最大障碍是，非洲疟疾媒介的幼虫生态学是疟疾研究的一个被忽视的领域。因此，在环境安全的微生物幼虫（例如thuriengiensis var）的开发和部署方面也缺乏研究。 Isrealensis（BTI）和Sphaericus芽孢杆菌（BSPH）。为了在水稻灌溉方案中制定，实施和维护蚊子管理计划，我们必须确定特定地点的IMM关键要素；幼虫管理的何时，何处以及如何减少成人出现。这项研究将提供有关微生物控制影响的疗效数据，以及在美国和国际地点注册新配方所需的关键环境数据，从而避免了行业的过失成本。为了实现这一目标，已经开发出以下具体目标。 1）确定幼虫栖息地的空间和时间分布和丰度及其在灌溉的水稻村庄中的载体生产力，2）确定调节载体生产率和非目标丰富性和多样性的关键环境，农业和生态因素幼虫栖息地，3）设计，评估和注册新的微生物 - 肺泡制剂，旨在有效地控制虫线幼虫，4）实施和评估范围范围范围的蚊子管理计划对与该昆虫学参数的影响疟疾在大米中的传播。