Sensory- and motor-driven genes in vocal communication

声音交流中的感觉和运动驱动基因

基本信息

批准号：
6970082
负责人：
Erich D Jarvis
金额：
$ 33.88万
依托单位：
DUKE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2005-06-17 至 2010-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this proposal is to identify sensory- and motor-driven genes activated by learned vocal communication in normal and deafened subjects. The animal model we will utilize is a songbird. Songbirds are one of the only accessible non-human animals where learned vocal communication, the substrate for human language, can be studied. Non-human primates, rodents, and other commonly studied animals do not have; this ability. In songbirds, hearing species-specific vocalizations (sensory activity) induces large increases of gene expression throughout the auditory pathway. This sensory-driven expression is experience-dependent, as induction requires that the birds be raised with adult conspecifics and induction is highest when the birds hear novel species-specific songs. The expression is blocked by deafening. The act of producing imitated vocalizations (motor activity) induces large increases of gene expression throughout the cerebral vocal pathway, and this motor-driven expression is not blocked by deafening. However, when birds are deafened, like humans, their learned vocalizations deteriorate. This deterioration, in songbirds, is an active process that requires the basal ganglia cortical-like vocal pathway, in which vocalizing-driven gene expression is found. To date, few genes have been identified with such sensory- and motor-driven regulation during behavior and none have yet been identified that change with deafening-induced deterioration of learned vocalizations. It is believed that an entire gene regulatory network is activated in these behavioral processes. We will use behavioral, neuroanatomical, and high throughput molecular biological approaches to identify and characterize sensory and motor-driven genes activated by normal vocal communication and by deafened-induced deterioration of learned vocalizations. Since most songbird genes have significant homology to known mammalian genes our experiments will enable us to identify avian brain genes with humain/mammalian homologues amenable to experimental characterization in the songbird system.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的目的是识别正常和聋哑受试者中学的声音传播激活的感觉和运动驱动的基因。我们将使用的动物模型是鸣禽。鸣禽是唯一可以研究唯一可访问的非人类动物的动物之一，可以研究学习的声带交流，即人类语言的基材。非人类灵长类动物，啮齿动物和其他经常研究的动物没有；这个能力。在鸣禽中，听力特异性的发声（感觉活动）在整个听觉途径中诱导了基因表达的大量增加。这种感官驱动的表达是经验依赖性的，因为归纳要求当鸟类听到新颖的物种特异性歌曲时，用成人的种族特异性和诱导饲养鸟类。该表达式被震耳欲聋的阻塞。产生模仿发声（运动活性）的行为会在整个大脑声音途径中诱导大量基因表达增加，并且这种运动驱动的表达不会被震耳欲聋阻止。然而，当鸟类像人类一样聋时，他们学到的发声会恶化。在鸣禽中，这种恶化是一个活跃的过程，需要基底神经节皮质样声道，其中发现了声音驱动的基因表达。迄今为止，在行为过程中很少有这种感觉和运动驱动调节的基因，并且尚未确定没有发现随着聋哑诱发的呼声的变化的变化。据信，在这些行为过程中激活了整个基因调节网络。我们将使用行为，神经解剖学和高吞吐量分子生物学方法来识别和表征通过正常的声音通讯激活的感觉和运动驱动的基因，并通过聋哑诱发的学习声音降低。由于大多数鸣鸟基因与已知的哺乳动物基因具有重要的同源性，因此我们的实验将使我们能够鉴定出具有荷兰/哺乳动物同源物的鸟类脑基因，可与Songbird System中的实验表征相融合。