Bio-Enhanced Neural Electrodes Based on Porous Silicon

基于多孔硅的生物增强神经电极

• 批准号: 6789147
• 负责人: NADER M KALKHORAN
• 金额: $ 19.02万
• 依托单位: SPIRE CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-15 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6789147
• 关键词: atomic force microscopy; biomaterial compatibility; biomaterial interface interaction; biomaterials; ceramics; electrochemistry; histology; immunocytochemistry; implant; laboratory rat; microelectrodes; neuroanatomy; neurosurgery; scanning electron microscopy; silicon; surface coating; technology /technique development; transmission electron microscopy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall objective of this program is to develop nanostructured porous silicon as neural electrode materials with enhanced biocompatibility, in particular for novel hybrid silicon/ceramic multi-site neural recording electrode arrays. We have previously shown that the pure ceramic-based multi-site neural electrode arrays can consistently record multiple single neuron activity chronically for up to six weeks. These results are similar to microwire electrodes and better than other thin film electrodes. However, in order for any electrode system to act as neural interface components of neural prosthetic devices, the electrode will be required to record consistently for many years. Preliminary studies have shown that by introducing widely varying porosity into silicon, its behavior can be tuned from that of a relatively bio-inert material to one that is bioactive, and even resorbable. In this proposal, we plan to investigate two types of semi-flexible nanostructured hybrid silicon/ceramic neural electrodes. In one type, the electrode material will be based solely on nanostructured porous silicon formed electrochemically on a thin Si substrate. In the second type of electrode, an additional ultra-thin layer of ceramic material will be formed conformally onto the nanostructured porous silicon using a special deposition process. The latter structure will allow us to directly compare the performance of electrodes with essentially nanostmctured ceramic surface to conventional ceramic-based devices. In Phase I, the efficacy of nanostructured porous silicon neural electrodes will be evaluated in vivo using rat brain model. The neural tissue will be evaluated using histology methods to look for neural damage near the site of implantation and study the growth of neurons into the porous silicon electrodes. To promote neural growth at the electrode/tissue interface and for better contact of the recording sites on the array with neurons, we will test the ability of the porous silicon to deliver neurotrophic molecules. In Phase II, upon optimizing the parameters for nanostructured porous silicon electrodes, Spire and its collaborators will design, fabricate and test in vivo performance of a two dimensional array of porous silicon-based neural electrodes for chronic, long-term (greater than 6 months) multi-site recording.

描述（由申请人提供）：该程序的总体目标是开发纳米结构的多孔硅作为具有增强生物相容性的神经电极材料，尤其是新型混合硅/陶瓷多站点神经记录电极阵列。我们先前已经表明，纯陶瓷的多站点神经电极阵列可以持续记录多个单个神经元活性长达六周。这些结果类似于微丝电极，并且比其他薄膜电极更好。但是，为了使任何电极系统充当神经假体设备的神经界面成分，电极将需要始终如一地记录多年。初步研究表明，通过将巨大变化的孔隙率引入硅，可以将其行为从相对生物启动材料调整为生物活性，甚至是可吸收的。在此提案中，我们计划研究两种类型的半柔性纳米结构杂化硅/陶瓷神经电极。在一种类型中，电极材料将仅基于在薄的Si底物上电化学形成的纳米结构的多孔硅。在第二种类型的电极中，使用特殊的沉积过程将额外的超薄陶瓷材料层形成在纳米结构的多孔硅上。后一种结构将使我们能够直接比较电极与基本纳米粘的陶瓷表面与常规陶瓷设备的性能。 在第一阶段，将使用大鼠脑模型在体内评估纳米结构的多孔硅神经电极的疗效。将使用组织学方法评估神经组织，以寻找植入部位附近的神经损害，并研究神经元向多孔硅电极的生长。为了促进电极/组织界面处的神经生长，为了更好地接触阵列上的记录位点与神经元，我们将测试多孔硅提供神经营养分子的能力。在第二阶段，一旦优化了纳米结构的多孔硅电极的参数，Spire及其合作者将在体内设计，制造和测试基于多孔硅的二维神经电极的体内性能，用于慢性，长期（大于6个月）的多站点多站点记录。