Impulsivity Models: Behavioral Mechanisms

冲动模型：行为机制

• 批准号: 6719571
• 负责人: Donald M Dougherty
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-01 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6719571
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); aggression; attention deficit disorder; behavior test; behavior therapy; behavioral /social science research tag; conduct disorder; decision making; developmental psychology; disease /disorder classification; gender difference; human subject; human therapy evaluation; impulsive behavior; interview; model design /development; neuropsychology; patient oriented research; psychological models; psychometrics; questionnaires; reinforcer; violence; adolescence (12-20); aggression; attention deficit disorder; behavior test; behavior therapy; behavioral /social science research tag; conduct disorder; decision making; developmental psychology; disease /disorder classification; gender difference; human subject; human therapy evaluation; impulsive behavior; interview; model design /development; neuropsychology; patient oriented research; psychological models; psychometrics; questionnaires; reinforcer; violence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In two experiments, two types of objective behavioral measures of impulsivity (rapid-decision vs. reward-directed) will be compared between three groups of adolescents with conduct disorder (CD). Specifically, three adolescent groups with CD will participate: those without histories of physical fighting (CDNonFight) and those with histories of either initiating fights non-impulsively (CDFightJPlan) or impulsively (CDFight/NonPlan). Preliminary studies indicate that behavioral measures of impulsivity differ not only between control and conduct disorder (CD) groups, but also CD patients with histories of physical fighting perform more impulsively than those without histories of fighting. This appears especially true for laboratory tasks that require rapid-decisional responses (as compared to tasks that require reward-directed responses). In Experiment 1, to compare behavioral measures of impulsivity, several task types will be used concurrently to determine which measures are most sensitive to group differences. In Experiment 2, performance feedback (reward, penalty, and combined reward/penalty) will be used to determine which task parameters improve group discrimination, and how each group's performance may be differentially modulated by feedback manipulations. In both experiments, behavioral impulsivity performance will be related to traditional clinical measures (parent, teacher, and self-report ratings) to provide further validation of these laboratory measures. The specific aims are: (1) to determine which laboratory task type (rapid-decision vs. reward-directed) best discriminates between controls and adolescents with CD. and between the CDNonFight, CDFight/Plan. and CDFight/NonPlan groups: (2) to determine how performance feedback differentially modulates impulsive responding and maximizes group discrimination: and (3) to provide further validation of laboratory measured impulsivity by relating performance to traditional clinical measures of impulsivity (prospective ratings from parents, teachers, and self-report). These studies will help meet our immediate goals of studying the basic mechanisms of impulsivity in these populations and to further develop measures of behavioral impulsivity. The development of objective repeatable (state-dependent) measures of impulsivity is needed to answer both basic and applied research questions. Our long-term goal is to determine how impulsivity relates to biological mechanisms and treatment prediction/outcome. Research focused on understanding the unique causal pathways that lead children to develop severe patterns of antisocial and aggressive behaviors will advance our treatment technology. Impulsivity is critical to many of these pathways, but unfortunately its conceptualization and operationalized in past research has been weak. This research will advance our understanding of the construct of impulsivity and will provide a firmer context within which future research can better study the role impulsivity plays in the development of severe conduct problems.

描述（由申请人提供）：在两个实验中，两种目标 冲动的行为度量（快速决策与奖励定向）将是 比较三组有行障碍的青少年（CD）。 具体来说，三个带有CD的青春期组将参与：那些没有 身体战斗的历史（CDNONFIGHT）和那些有任何一个历史的历史 非冲动（cdfightjplan）或冲动地发起战斗 （CDFIGHT/NONPLAN）。初步研究表明 冲动性不仅在对照和行为障碍（CD）组之间不同，还不同 但是，有身体战的病史的CD患者表现更多 比那些没有战斗历史的人冲动。这尤其是 对于需要快速响应的实验室任务（比较） 需要需要奖励定向响应的任务）。在实验1中，比较 冲动性的行为度量，将使用几种任务类型 同时确定哪些度量对组最敏感 差异。在实验2中，绩效反馈（奖励，罚款和 合并奖励/罚款）将用于确定哪些任务参数 改善小组歧视，以及每个小组的表现如何 通过反馈操作进行差异调节。在两个实验中， 行为冲动性表现将与传统临床有关 措施（父母，老师和自我报告评级）以提供进一步的 验证这些实验室措施。具体目的是：（1） 确定哪种实验室任务类型（快速决策与奖励指导）最佳 通过CD区分对照和青少年。在之间 CDNONFIGHT，CDFIGHT/PLAN。和CDFight/非计划组：（2）确定如何 性能反馈差异调节冲动性响应和 最大化小组歧视：（3）提供进一步的验证 实验室通过将表现与传统临床相关性来测量冲动性 冲动性的度量（父母，教师和 自我报告）。这些研究将有助于实现我们研究的直接目标 这些人群中冲动的基本机制，并进一步发展 行为冲动的度量。客观可重复的发展 需要（国家依赖性的）冲动措施来回答基本和 应用研究问题。我们的长期目标是确定冲动性如何 与生物学机制和治疗预测/结果有关。研究 专注于了解导致儿童进入的独特因果途径 发展严重的反社会和侵略行为模式将推动我们的 治疗技术。冲动对许多这样的途径至关重要，但是 不幸的是，它在过去的研究中的概念化和经营 很弱。这项研究将提高我们对 冲动性，并将提供更牢固的背景，以后的研究可以 更好地研究冲动性在严重行为发展中所发挥的作用 问题。