Understanding current and future impacts of public water supply on macronutrient cycles around the world

了解公共供水当前和未来对世界各地常量营养素循环的影响

基本信息

批准号：
2432071
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lancaster University
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2020 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2432071
关键词：
Understanding current future impacts public

项目摘要

The macronutrients Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) are essential for life, yet also represent threats to both ecosystem and drinking water quality in many parts of the world. Recent research by the supervisors [1-3] revealed that public water supply (PWS) processes are associated with significant fluxes of N and P, due to abstraction and mains water leakage alongside wastewater discharge. Beyond this research conducted in the UK, very little is known about how these processes currently influence macronutrient cycles around the world, nor about the likely impacts of future changes in climate and population on these processes. Addressing these issues lies at the heart of the proposed PhD. This work is particularly important because global variation in factors such as abstraction and leakage rates, N and P concentrations in raw waters, and the extent of environmental regulation will likely drive significant variation in the impacts of PWS on N and P cycles around the world. Countries undergoing rapid development are expected to see drastic changes in PWS infrastructure, with increases in abstraction and development of large-scale water transfers, which may result in significant impacts of PWS on N and P cycles. Working between Lancaster University, BGS and key in-country partners, this multidisciplinary PhD has the overarching aim of developing improved conceptual understanding and quantification of the impact of PWS on macronutrient cycles in three contrasting settings: China; USA and globally. For each setting, specific objectives are to: (1) Quantify current N and P fluxes associated with PWS processes; (2) Model the impact of future changes in PWS (e.g. changes in abstraction, distribution, leakage, wastewater treatment and water transfers) on N and P fluxes; and(3) Extend the work to complete objectives (1) and (2) to other macronutrients (e.g. carbon), alongside other elements of potential interest, e.g. silica.

大量营养素氮（N）和磷（P）对生命至关重要，但也代表了世界许多地区对生态系统和饮用水质量的威胁。主管[1-3]的最新研究表明，由于抽象和废水排放旁边的漏水，公共供水过程（PWS）过程与N和P的大量通量有关。除了在英国进行的这项研究之外，这些过程目前如何影响世界各地的大量营养循环，也不了解未来气候和人口对这些过程的可能影响的可能影响。解决这些问题是拟议的博士学位的核心。这项工作尤其重要，因为全球诸如原始水域的抽象和泄漏率，n和p浓度等因素的变化以及环境调节的程度可能会导致PWS对全球N和P周期的影响的显着差异。经历快速发展的国家有望看到PWS基础设施的急剧变化，随着大规模水转移的抽象和发展的增加，这可能会导致PWS对N和P周期的重大影响。这项多学科博士在兰开斯特大学，BGS和主要国内合作伙伴之间工作，其总体目的是在三个对比环境中对PWS对PWS对大型营养周期的影响进行改进的概念理解和量化：中国；美国和全球。对于每种设置，特定目标是：（1）量化与PWS过程相关的电流N和P通量；（2）模拟PWS未来变化的影响（例如抽象，分布，泄漏，废水处理和水转移）对N和P通量的影响；（3）将工作扩展到将目标（1）和（2）扩展到其他大量营养素（例如碳），以及其他潜在感兴趣的要素，例如二氧化硅。