Functional Characterization of Drosophila Maxillary Palp

果蝇上颌须的功能特征

• 批准号: 6835781
• 负责人: Elane Fishilevich
• 金额: $ 4.75万
• 依托单位: ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6835781
• 关键词: Drosophilidae; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral genetics; central neural pathway /tract; chemoreceptors; ethology; food contamination; gene expression; gene expression profiling; in situ hybridization; mandible /maxilla; neurons; neurophysiology; odors; olfactions; olfactory stimulus; predoctoral investigator; receptor expression; sense organs; sensory discrimination; sensory signal detection; transfection

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The sense of smell permits animals to find food, recognize mates, and avoid predators. It is possible to study this complex sensory modality at the level of olfactory genes, neurons, and circuits in the powerful genetic model organism, the Drosophila fruit fly. In both mammals and insects, olfactory neurons have evolved to detect odors associated with food. Complex neural circuitry must be brought to bear upon the problem of discriminating attractants in high quality food from repellents that might signify food tainted by spoilage. Drosophila has two olfactory sensory organs, the antenna and maxillary palp, but the relative role of these two structures in general food odor detection is poorly understood. The proposed experiments will address the possible role of the maxillary palp in detecting specific repellents. Genetic mapping experiments will be performed to elucidate the wiring logic of the maxillary palp as it innervates the first olfactory relay in the brain. Using a behavioral genetic approach, we will define the role of identified maxillary palp neurons in detecting and mediating avoidance of certain repellent stimuli. The results will increase understanding of the neural circuitry that underlies stereotyped feeding behaviors important in all species.

描述（由申请人提供）：嗅觉允许动物找到食物，识别伴侣并避免捕食者。可以在强大的遗传模型生物果蝇果蝇中研究这种复杂的感觉方式。在哺乳动物和昆虫中，嗅觉神经元已经演变为检测与食物相关的气味。必须考虑复杂的神经回路，以解决驱虫剂中偏用食物中吸引剂的问题，这可能表明食物被宠坏了。果蝇具有两个嗅觉感觉器官，即天线和上颌PALP，但是这两种结构在一般食品气味检测中的相对作用知之甚少。提出的实验将解决上颌PALP在检测特定驱虫剂中的可能作用。将进行基因映射实验，以阐明上颌PALP的接线逻辑，因为它神经化了大脑中的第一个嗅觉继电器。使用行为遗传方法，我们将定义鉴定出的上颌PALP神经元在检测和介导某些驱虫刺激中的作用。结果将增加对在所有物种中重要的陈规定型喂养行为基础的神经回路的理解。