Neighborhoods, Drug Use & Violence

社区、吸毒

• 批准号: 6777999
• 负责人: CAROL B CUNRADI
• 金额: $ 7.57万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6777999
• 关键词: African American; Hispanic Americans; alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; caucasian American; child abuse; clinical research; community; crime victims; domestic violence; drug abuse; employment /unemployment; epidemiology; gender difference; household; human data; low socioeconomic status; psychopharmacologic agent; racial /ethnic difference; sex abuse; sex partner; social problems; spouse abuse; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious public health problem in the U.S. Although the precise etiologic role of substance use has not been established, considerable empirical evidence links alcohol and drug use on the part of the male, female, or both with IPV occurrence and severity. Neighborhood contextual factors, such as poverty and unemployment, also have been associated with elevated risk of IPV. The research literature, however, has not adequately addressed whether neighborhood characteristics, such as poverty, high unemployment, and low collective efficacy, mediate or moderate the relationships between drugs, alcohol, and IPV such that these relations are stronger for couples residing in neighborhoods characterized by these factors. Additionally, few studies have assessed the contribution of male and female drug use to IPV perpetration and victimization among general household population samples. This study will address these issues using data from two national samples of married and cohabiting respondents in which information was obtained on substance use, IPV, and neighborhood characteristics. The proposed study will conduct a secondary analysis of data from the National Study of Couples (NSC) and the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA). The NSC was the first in-depth national study of the association between alcohol and IPV among African-American, Hispanic, and white couples, and contains Census-based information on the socioeconomic characteristics of the couples' neighborhoods. The NHSDA annually obtains data on the prevalence and incidence of illicit drug, alcohol, and tobacco use in the civilian population, and contains information on neighborhood characteristics and marital aggression. In addition to self-report data, the NHSDA will link Census-based data, such as poverty and unemployment levels, to individual records. Both the NSC and the NHSDA provide an excellent opportunity to address a number of important research gaps on the contribution of drug use to IPV risk among couples in the general household population, and whether neighborhood contextual factors mediate or moderate these relationships. Findings of this study will help to inform environmentally-based IPV prevention strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，亲密的伴侣暴力（IPV）是一个严重的公共卫生问题，尽管尚未确定使用物质使用的确切病因学作用，但大量的经验证据链接了男性的酒精和药物使用，女性，或同时发生IPV的发生和严重性。贫困和失业等邻里上下文因素也与IPV风险升高有关。然而，研究文献尚未充分解决邻里特征，例如贫困，高失业率以及低的集体效能，调解或调节药物，酒精和IPV之间的关系，使这些关系更牢固，以使居住在社区中的夫妇更牢固这些因素。此外，很少有研究评估男性和女性药物对IPV持续性和受害家庭样本的贡献。这项研究将使用来自已婚和同居的两个国家样本的数据来解决这些问题，其中获取有关药物使用，IPV和邻里特征的信息。拟议的研究将对国家夫妇研究（NSC）和全国性药物滥用调查（NHSDA）的数据进行次要分析。 NSC是非裔美国人，西班牙裔和白人夫妇在酒精与IPV之间关联的首次深入全国研究，并包含有关夫妻社区社会经济特征的基于人口普查的信息。 NHSDA每年获取有关平民中非法药物，酒精和烟草使用的患病率和发病率的数据，并包含有关邻里特征和婚姻侵略的信息。除了自我报告数据外，NHSDA还将将基于人口普查的数据（例如贫困和失业水平）与个别记录联系起来。 NSC和NHSDA都提供了一个绝佳的机会，可以解决有关普通家庭夫妇对IPV风险的贡献的许多重要研究差距，以及邻里的背景因素是否介导或调节这些关系。这项研究的结果将有助于为基于环境的IPV预防策略提供信息。