Center for Development of Biological Nanosensors (RMI)

生物纳米传感器开发中心（RMI）

• 批准号: 6930922
• 负责人: Douglas C. Eaton
• 金额: $ 7.65万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-30 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6930922
• 关键词: atomic force microscopy; biological signal transduction; biosensor device; cell communication molecule; nanotechnology; scanning electron microscopy

Secretion of transmitters, hormones, and other biologically active molecules depends upon a complex sequence of cellular events. Although some cells like nerve and muscle cells can communicate through electrical signals, most cells communicate through chemical agents that alter the activity of the cells from which they are released (known as autocrine agents), nearby cells (paracrine agents or transmitters), or cells in other parts of the organism (exocrine agents or hormones). Normal cellular function usually depends upon the very tight control of the amount and timing of the release of these agents. Many pathological events involve disruption of chemical communication between cells (most notably in the central nervous system, heart, lungs, and kidneys). Because of the importance of these chemical messengers, an enormous research effort has been directed to determining the properties of release from cells. However, because most of these methods are indirect or have low spatial or temporal resolution, there are still many unanswered questions concerning the release of such agents. The present program proposes an innovative, multidisciplinary approach to the investigation of cell communication processes at the molecular level. This proposal takes advantage of the combined expertise of two groups. The Center for Cell & Molecular Signaling (CCMS) will act to organize the biological expertise on the Emory campus while the Applied Sensors Laboratory (ASL) will act as the focal point on the Georgia Tech campus for development of the nanotechnology needed to study biological problems. CCMS and ASL already have established ongoing research programs and collaborative grants using nanotechnology to examine biologically active molecules in lung and renal cell systems. The interdisciplinary Program will focus on the application of integrated scanning nanoprobe sensing systems. Scanning probe microscopy techniques provide powerful means for obtaining chemical, topographical and optical information with high spatial resolution. Each technique -atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning near field optical microscopy (SNOM) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) - is designed to provide a specific kind of biological data. SECM provides information on the activity of biological molecules at cell surfaces. Proof of concept experiments have already established the utility of such methods to measure paracrine agents like ATP and reactive oxygen species at cell surfaces with high temporal and spatial resolution, information required for in situ investigations of complex biological systems. This knowledge may lead to better understanding and new strategies for treatment of disorders specifically related to cell communication crocesses like diabetes, cystic fibrosis in the lung, and polycystic kidney disease.

发射器，激素和其他生物活性分子的分泌取决于细胞事件的复杂序列。尽管某些细胞（例如神经和肌肉细胞）可以通过电信号进行通信，但大多数细胞通过化学剂通过改变其释放细胞的活性（称为自分泌剂），附近细胞（旁分泌剂或发射机）或其他部分的细胞（外分泌剂（外分泌剂）（外分泌剂）的细胞（称为自分泌剂）的活性进行通信 或激素）。正常的细胞功能通常取决于对这些药物释放的数量和时机的非常严格的控制。许多病理事件涉及细胞之间化学通信的破坏（最著名的是中枢神经系统，心脏，肺和肾脏）。由于这些化学使者的重要性，已经针对确定细胞释放的特性进行了巨大的研究工作。 但是，由于这些方法中的大多数是间接的或具有低空间或时间分辨率的，因此仍然存在许多关于释放此类药物的问题。本计划提出了一种创新的，多学科的方法来研究分子级别的细胞通信过程。该建议利用了两组的综合专业知识。细胞和分子信号中心（CCM）将作用 为了在埃默里校园内组织生物学专业知识，而应用传感器实验室（ASL）将成为研究生物学问题所需的纳米技术开发的乔治亚理工大学校园的焦点。 CCM和ASL已经建立了正在进行的研究计划和使用纳米技术的协作授予，以检查肺和肾细胞系统中的生物活性分子。跨学科计划将重点放在集成扫描纳米探针传感系统的应用上。扫描探针显微镜技术为获得具有高空间分辨率的化学，地形和光学信息提供了有力手段。每种技术 - 原子力显微镜（AFM），扫描近场光学显微镜（SNOM）和扫描电化学显微镜（SECM）旨在提供特定类型的生物学数据。 SECM提供有关细胞表面生物分子活性的信息。概念验证实验已经建立了这种方法的实用性，可以在具有高时间和空间分辨率的细胞表面测量旁分泌剂，例如ATP和活性氧，这是对复杂生物系统的原位研究所需的信息。这些知识可能会导致更好的理解和新的策略，以治疗与糖尿病，肺中囊性纤维化等细胞通信互动有关的疾病，以及多囊性肾脏疾病。