Cerebro-Olivocerebellar Interactions in Motor Control

运动控制中的脑-橄榄小脑相互作用

• 批准号: 6708353
• 负责人: ERIC J LANG
• 金额: $ 38.06万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-30 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6708353
• 关键词: body movement; brain electrical activity; cerebellar Purkinje cell; cerebellum; electrodes; laboratory rat; motor cortex; muscle contraction; neuromuscular function; olivary body; vibrissae; videotape /videodisc

DESCRIPTION:(provided by applicant) The generation of movements is a fundamental function of the nervous system. It is accomplished by a process, termed motor control, involving the interaction of multiple brain regions. The result of this process is motor commands that encode the appropriate muscle combinations and the timing of their activation for carrying out complex movement sequences. The experiments of this proposal will investigate the interaction of two key motor systems (the motor cortex and the olivocerebellar system) in the generation of these motor commands. The ability of the olivocerebellar system to generate rhythmic synchronous discharges suggests that its function is to bind in time the different muscle groups involved in making complex movement sequences. Indeed, damage to the inferior olive produces motor deficits characterized by the loss of precisely timed muscle activation. To investigate the interaction of the motor cortex and olivocerebellar system in motor control whisker movements will be evoked by motor cortex stimuli, and the influence of olivocerebellar activity on the evoked movements will be determined. The whisker movements will be recorded using a high speed videotape system. Olivocerebellar activity will be monitored with multiple electrode recordings of complex spike (CS) activity from Purkinje cells, the main target of the olivocerebellar system. Multiple electrode recordings allow determination of the spatial patterns of synchronous CS activity. The first goal will be to investigate how CS responses to motor cortical activity are shaped by the oscillatory properties of the inferior olivary neurons. The second goal will be to test the hypothesis that the periodic synchronous discharges of the olivocerebellar system gate the efficacy cortical activity are shaped by the oscillatory properties of the inferior olivary neurons. The second goal will be to test the hypothesis that the periodic synchronous discharges of the olivocerebellar system gate the efficacy of motor cortex activity to generate movements. That is, to test the idea that the rhythmic nature of olivocerebellar activity allows it to function as a internal clock for organizing motor outputs in time. The third goal will be to determine the major brain sites where the interactions between these systems occur. Finally the question of whether changes in the patterns of synchronous discharge of the olivocerebellar system result in changes in the pattern of coupling of different muscles will be addressed. In sum, these experiments should help define the role of the olivocerebellar system in motor control as well as the reasons why cerebellar damage results in motor coordination deficits. They represent a step toward the more general goal of understanding cerebro-cerebellar interactions in motor control.

描述：（申请人提供） 运动的产生是神经系统的基本功能。它 是通过一个被称为电机控制的过程完成的，涉及相互作用 多个大脑区域。此过程的结果是电机命令 编码适当的肌肉组合及其激活的时间 用于进行复杂的运动序列。该提议的实验 将研究两个关键电机系统（电动机皮层和 这些电动机命令的产生中的橄榄脑系统。这 橄榄脑系统产生节奏同步的能力 放电表明其功能是在时间上结合不同的肌肉 参与制作复杂运动序列的小组。确实，损害 下橄榄会产生运动缺陷，其特征是丧失 定时肌肉激活。研究运动皮层和 电动机控制晶须运动中的橄榄球系统将由 运动皮质刺激以及橄榄脑活性对 将确定诱发的动作。将记录晶须运动 使用高速录像系统。橄榄脑活动将受到监测 带有来自Purkinje的复杂尖峰（CS）活性的多个电极记录 细胞，橄榄球系统的主要目标。多电极 记录允许确定同步CS的空间模式 活动。第一个目标是研究CS对电机的反应 皮质活性由下等 橄榄神经元。第二个目标是检验以下假设 橄榄球系统门的周期性同步放电疗效皮质活性是由下部的振荡特性所影响的 橄榄神经元。第二个目标是检验以下假设 周期性同步放电的橄榄脑系统门效果 运动皮层活性以产生运动。也就是说，要测试 橄榄脑活动的节奏性使其能够充当 及时组织电动机输出的内部时钟。第三个目标是 确定这些系统之间相互作用的主要大脑站点 发生。最后，是否会改变同步模式的问题 排放橄榄脑系统导致模式的变化 将解决不同肌肉的耦合。总之，这些实验 应该有助于将橄榄球系统在电机控制中的作用定义为 以及小脑损伤导致运动协调的原因 缺陷。它们代表着朝着更一般的理解目标迈出的一步 运动控制中的脑脑相互作用。

项目成果

Relationship of complex spike synchrony bands and climbing fiber projection determined by reference to aldolase C compartments in crus IIa of the rat cerebellar cortex.

参考大鼠小脑皮质小腿 IIa 中的醛缩酶 C 区室确定复杂尖峰同步带与攀爬纤维投影的关系。

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: J. Comp. Neurol. 501・1
• 作者: Ohsawa K;Irino Y;Nakamura Y;Akazawa C Inoue K;Kohsaka S.;Sugihara I.
• 通讯作者: Sugihara I.

Inferior olive oscillations gate transmission of motor cortical activity to the cerebellum.

下橄榄振荡将运动皮层活动传送至小脑。

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3907-04.2004
• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
• 作者: Marshall,SarahP;Lang,EricJ
• 通讯作者: Lang,EricJ

Isochrony in the olivocerebellar system underlies complex spike synchrony.

橄榄小脑系统中的等时性是复杂尖峰同步性的基础。

• DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.571101
• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: The Journal of physiology
• 作者: Lang,EricJ;Llinás,Rodolfo;Sugihara,Izumi
• 通讯作者: Sugihara,Izumi

Local changes in the excitability of the cerebellar cortex produce spatially restricted changes in complex spike synchrony.

• DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3498-09.2009
• 发表时间: 2009-11-11
• 期刊: The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
• 作者: Marshall SP;Lang EJ
• 通讯作者: Lang EJ

Modulation of Purkinje cell complex spike waveform by synchrony levels in the olivocerebellar system.

• DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00210
• 发表时间: 2014
• 期刊: Frontiers in systems neuroscience
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Lang EJ;Tang T;Suh CY;Xiao J;Kotsurovskyy Y;Blenkinsop TA;Marshall SP;Sugihara I
• 通讯作者: Sugihara I