CEREBRO/OLIVOCEREBELLAR INTERACTIONS IN MOTOR CONTROL

运动控制中的大脑/橄榄小脑相互作用

• 批准号: 6188183
• 负责人: ERIC J LANG
• 金额: $ 18.38万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-30 至 2002-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6188183
• 关键词: body movement; brain electrical activity; cerebellar Purkinje cell; cerebellum; electrodes; laboratory rat; motor cortex; muscle contraction; neuroanatomy; neuromuscular function; olivary body; optics; vibrissae; videotape /videodisc

DESCRIPTION (from applicant's abstract) The generation of movements is a fundamental function of the nervous system. It is accomplished by a process, termed motor control, involving the interaction of multiple brain regions. The result of this process is motor commands that encode the appropriate muscle combinations and the timing of their activation for carrying out complex movement sequences. The experiments of this proposal will investigate the interaction of two key motor systems (the motor cortex and the olivocerebellar system) in the generation of these motor commands. The ability of the olivocerebellar system to generate rhythmic synchronous discharges suggests that its function is to bind in time the different muscle groups involved in making complex movement sequences. Indeed, damage to the inferior olive produces motor deficits characterized by the loss of precisely timed muscle activation. Thus, to investigate the interaction of the motor cortex and olivocerebellar system in motor control, whisker movements will be evoked by motor cortex stimuli and the influence of olivocerebellar activity on the evoked movements will be determined. The whisker movements will be recorded using either a photodetector device or high speed video taping. Olivocerebellar activity will be monitored with multiple electrode recordings of complex spike (CS) activity from Purkinje cells, the main target of the olivocerebellar system. Multiple electrode recordings allow determination of the spatial patterns of synchronous CS activity. The first goal will be to demonstrate that there is in fact a significant interaction between these two brain systems: that is that synchronous discharges in the olivocerebellar system gate the efficacy of motor cortex activity in producing movement. The next goal will be to investigate whether the rhythmic nature of olivocerebellar activity allows it to function as an internal clock for organizing motor outputs in time. The third goal will be to determine the major brain sites where the interactions between these systems occur. Finally, the question of whether changes in the patterns of synchronous discharge of the olivocerebellar system result in changes in the pattern of coupling of different muscles will be addressed. In sum, these experiments should help to define the role of the olivocerebellar system in motor control as well as the reasons why cerebellar damage results in motor coordination deficits. They thus represent a step toward the more general goal of understanding cerebro-cerebellar interactions in motor control.

描述（来自申请人的摘要）运动的产生是 神经系统的基本功能。 它是通过一个 过程，称为运动控制，涉及多个大脑的相互作用 地区。 这个过程的结果是编码的电机命令 适当的肌肉组合及其激活时间 执行复杂的动作序列。 本提案的实验 将研究两个关键运动系统（运动皮层 和橄榄小脑系统）参与这些运动命令的生成。 橄榄小脑系统产生节律同步的能力 放电表明它的功能是及时结合不同的 参与复杂运动序列的肌肉群。 确实有伤害 劣质橄榄会产生运动缺陷，其特征是丧失 精确定时的肌肉激活。 因此，为了研究相互作用 运动控制中的运动皮层和橄榄小脑系统，胡须 运动将由运动皮层刺激和影响引起 将确定诱发运动的橄榄小脑活动。 这 胡须的运动将使用光电探测器设备或 高速录像。 将监测橄榄小脑活动 浦肯野复合尖峰 (CS) 活动的多电极记录 细胞，橄榄小脑系统的主要目标。 多电极 记录可以确定同步 CS 的空间模式 活动。 第一个目标是证明事实上存在 这两个大脑系统之间的重要相互作用： 橄榄小脑系统中的同步放电控制了以下功效 产生运动的运动皮层活动。 下一个目标将是 研究橄榄小脑活动的节律性质是否允许 它充当内部时钟，及时组织电机输出。 第三个目标是确定大脑的主要部位 这些系统之间会发生相互作用。 最后是是否的问题 橄榄小脑同步放电模式的变化 系统导致不同肌肉的耦合模式发生变化 将得到解决。 总之，这些实验应该有助于定义角色 橄榄小脑系统在运动控制中的作用及其原因 小脑损伤会导致运动协调缺陷。 他们因此 代表着朝着更普遍的理解目标迈出的一步 运动控制中的脑-小脑相互作用。