Cerebro-Olivocerebellar Interactions in Motor Control

运动控制中的脑-橄榄小脑相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
6800920
负责人：
ERIC J LANG
金额：
$ 2.97万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1998-09-30 至 2005-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6800920
关键词：
body movement brain electrical activity cerebellar Purkinje cell cerebellum electrodes laboratory rat motor cortex muscle contraction neuromuscular function olivary body vibrissae videotape /videodisc

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION:(provided by applicant) The generation of movements is a fundamental function of the nervous system. It is accomplished by a process, termed motor control, involving the interaction of multiple brain regions. The result of this process is motor commands that encode the appropriate muscle combinations and the timing of their activation for carrying out complex movement sequences. The experiments of this proposal will investigate the interaction of two key motor systems (the motor cortex and the olivocerebellar system) in the generation of these motor commands. The ability of the olivocerebellar system to generate rhythmic synchronous discharges suggests that its function is to bind in time the different muscle groups involved in making complex movement sequences. Indeed, damage to the inferior olive produces motor deficits characterized by the loss of precisely timed muscle activation. To investigate the interaction of the motor cortex and olivocerebellar system in motor control whisker movements will be evoked by motor cortex stimuli, and the influence of olivocerebellar activity on the evoked movements will be determined. The whisker movements will be recorded using a high speed videotape system. Olivocerebellar activity will be monitored with multiple electrode recordings of complex spike (CS) activity from Purkinje cells, the main target of the olivocerebellar system. Multiple electrode recordings allow determination of the spatial patterns of synchronous CS activity. The first goal will be to investigate how CS responses to motor cortical activity are shaped by the oscillatory properties of the inferior olivary neurons. The second goal will be to test the hypothesis that the periodic synchronous discharges of the olivocerebellar system gate the efficacy cortical activity are shaped by the oscillatory properties of the inferior olivary neurons. The second goal will be to test the hypothesis that the periodic synchronous discharges of the olivocerebellar system gate the efficacy of motor cortex activity to generate movements. That is, to test the idea that the rhythmic nature of olivocerebellar activity allows it to function as a internal clock for organizing motor outputs in time. The third goal will be to determine the major brain sites where the interactions between these systems occur. Finally the question of whether changes in the patterns of synchronous discharge of the olivocerebellar system result in changes in the pattern of coupling of different muscles will be addressed. In sum, these experiments should help define the role of the olivocerebellar system in motor control as well as the reasons why cerebellar damage results in motor coordination deficits. They represent a step toward the more general goal of understanding cerebro-cerebellar interactions in motor control.

描述：（由申请人提供）运动的产生是神经系统的基本功能。它是通过一个称为运动控制的过程来完成的，涉及相互作用多个大脑区域。这个过程的结果是电机命令编码适当的肌肉组合及其激活时间用于执行复杂的运动序列。本提案的实验将研究两个关键运动系统（运动皮层和橄榄小脑系统）参与这些运动指令的生成。这橄榄小脑系统产生节律同步的能力放电表明其功能是及时结合不同的肌肉参与制作复杂动作序列的小组。确实，损坏劣质橄榄会产生运动缺陷，其特征是精确丧失定时肌肉激活。研究运动皮层和运动皮层之间的相互作用橄榄小脑系统在运动控制中的胡须运动将由运动皮层刺激以及橄榄小脑活动对将确定诱发运动。胡须的动作将被记录下来使用高速录像带系统。将监测橄榄小脑活动具有来自浦肯野的复杂尖峰 (CS) 活动的多个电极记录细胞，橄榄小脑系统的主要目标。多电极记录可以确定同步 CS 的空间模式活动。第一个目标是研究 CS 如何对运动做出反应皮质活动由下层的振荡特性决定橄榄神经元。第二个目标是检验以下假设：橄榄小脑系统的周期性同步放电控制功效皮层活动，由下丘脑的振荡特性决定橄榄神经元。第二个目标是检验以下假设：橄榄小脑系统的周期性同步放电控制功效运动皮层活动产生运动。也就是说，要测试这个想法橄榄小脑活动的节律性质使其能够发挥用于及时组织电机输出的内部时钟。第三个目标将是确定这些系统之间相互作用的主要大脑部位发生。最后的问题是同步模式是否会改变橄榄小脑系统的放电导致了模式的改变将解决不同肌肉的耦合问题。总而言之，这些实验应该有助于将橄榄小脑系统在运动控制中的作用定义为以及小脑损伤导致运动协调能力下降的原因赤字。它们代表了朝着更普遍的理解目标迈出了一步运动控制中的脑-小脑相互作用。