PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS OF OBESITY

肥胖的生理学和遗传学

• 批准号: 6432530
• 负责人: JACK A. YANOVSKI
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6432530
• 关键词: African American; adipose tissue; adrenocorticotropic hormone; basal metabolism; beta adrenergic receptor; bioenergetics; body composition; caucasian American; child (0-11); clinical research; corticotropin releasing factor; disease /disorder proneness /risk; epidemiology; genetics; glucose metabolism; glucose tolerance test; health behavior; human puberty; human subject; insulin sensitivity /resistance; leptin; lipid metabolism; longitudinal human study; noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus; obesity; racial /ethnic difference

Many minority populations in the US have a markedly increased risk of obesity and its comorbid conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, that contribute to substantially greater mortality. Much evidence suggests that the predictive risk factors and the therapeutic approaches for these comorbid conditions that are derived from the study of Caucasians may be less applicable to those of differing ethnicity or race. Effective prevention and treatment of these disorders requires a better understanding of their etiology. This unit investigates the genetic, physiologic, metabolic, and behavioral factors involved in determining weight regulation and body composition, with a special emphasis on pediatric and minority populations. Progress has been made in our longitudinal studies of body composition, energy expenditure, insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal, which seek to characterize the timing and nature of factors that may contribute to the prevalence of obesity and its complications. In the last year, we initiated treatment studies for pediatric and adolescent obesity, validated a new methodology for determination of body composition, and studied seasonality of weight gain. These studies will aid in the rational development of approaches for the prevention and treatment of obesity

美国许多少数族裔患肥胖症及其合并症的风险显着增加，例如 2 型糖尿病、高血压和心血管疾病，这些疾病导致死亡率大幅上升。 许多证据表明，从白种人研究中得出的这些合并症的预测风险因素和治疗方法可能不太适用于不同种族或种族的人。 有效预防和治疗这些疾病需要更好地了解其病因。 该单元研究与确定体重调节和身体成分有关的遗传、生理、代谢和行为因素，特别侧重于儿童和少数民族人群。 我们对身体成分、能量消耗、胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖处理的纵向研究取得了进展，这些研究旨在描述可能导致肥胖及其并发症流行的因素的时间和性质。 去年，我们启动了儿童和青少年肥胖的治疗研究，验证了确定身体成分的新方法，并研究了体重增加的季节性。 这些研究将有助于合理开发预防和治疗肥胖的方法