Teaching craft skills in the building trades: the Museum of Construction and Building Materials and its legacies

教授建筑行业的工艺技能：建筑和建筑材料博物馆及其遗产

• 批准号: 2272555
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Oxford
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2272555
• 关键词: Teaching; craft; skills; building; trades

The project explores the relationships between museums, education and the building trades in 19th-century London. It focuses on the Museum of Construction and Building Materials (MCBM), founded in 1859, directed by Francis Fowke and overseen by the Department of Science and Art. The MCBM was one of the precursors of the V&A, and its collection included raw materials, products, models and designs; many objects were incorporated into the V&A buildings. The museum had close links with the construction industry and its displays were intended for an audience of artisans and students. Following its dissolution in 1888, parts of the collection remained in the V&A.The initial aim is to compile a catalogue of extant objects from the MCBM. Examples survive in the V&A sculpture department, such as a group of architectural models accessioned as untraced finds in 1973 (A.10 to 15-1973). Other objects from the MCBM are now in the ceramics collection, including a mosaic panel of Pluto and Proserpine, accessioned as an untraced find in 1923 (C.94 & 95-1923). The catalogue will underpin an analysis of the MCBM's practices of collecting and display.The role of object-based learning in the building trades is a central area of focus. The research will explore the nature of the MCBM's audience and draw links between the museum and the training in construction offered by London art and design schools. These included Camberwell College of Arts & Crafts, Battersea Polytechnic and Hammersmith College of Art & Building, which taught subjects including masonry, plumbing and plastering, as well as architecture and construction engineering. Students worked towards examinations set by the Department of Science and Art. This aspect of the project relates to current interest in making as a form of knowledge, among architects such as Juhani Pallasmaa and Peter Zumthor as well as academics like Glenn Adamson.Previous histories of the V&A focus primarily on elements of the museum that survive into the present. Major surveys range from John Physick's 1982 history of the museum to Julius Bryant's 2017 analysis of its design. Several key objects from the MCBM which were incorporated into the V&A buildings are identified in these works. This research will build on the existing histories by identifying objects whose original connection to the MCBM has been lost.A smaller body of literature explores alternative approaches to the history of South Kensington, including Dale Dishon's work on the 1862 exhibition and Bruce Robertson's exploration of the institutional history of the South Kensington museums. Robertson critiques the teleological structure of histories which treat the emergence of a unified museum of art and design as an inevitability; he emphasises the diversity of institutions occupying the site in the 1850s-80s. Dishon demonstrates the significance of the 1862 exhibition in terms of design and building technology. This project shares their focus on the overlap between the arts and sciences in the early stages of development at South Kensington.There is also a growing historical interest in the relationship between museums and the development of new academic disciplines in the Victorian period. This includes ongoing research into the materiality of the Oxford Museum of Natural History and the emergence of the sciences at Oxford, and a project at Leeds looking at museum collections, academic teaching and the new discipline of geology in the 19th century. The project will contribute to this emerging field by exploring the role of museums in technical education.By exploring how the collections, displays and audiences interacted, and how they related to more formal education in the building trades, the project will create a holistic picture of the MCBM's role in teaching and learning. This will be based on a combination of archival and object-based study.

该项目探讨了19世纪伦敦博物馆，教育与建筑物交易之间的关系。它着重于1859年由弗朗西斯·福克（Francis Fowke）执导的建筑与建筑材料博物馆（MCBM），由科学和艺术部负责。 MCBM是V＆A的先驱之一，其收藏包括原材料，产品，模型和设计；许多物体被整合到V＆A建筑物中。博物馆与建筑行业有着密切的联系，其展示旨在为工匠和学生的观众提供。在1888年解散后，该集合的一部分留在V＆A中。最初的目的是从MCBM中编译现有物体的目录。例子在V＆A雕塑部门中幸存下来，例如1973年未追踪发现的一组建筑模型（A.10至15-1973）。 MCBM的其他物体现在在陶瓷系列中，包括冥王星和Proserpine的马赛克面板，在1923年被登录为未追踪的发现（C.94＆95-1923）。目录将对MCBM收集和展示的实践进行分析。基于对象的学习在建筑行业中的作用是重点的中心领域。该研究将探索MCBM受众的性质，并在伦敦艺术和设计学校提供的博物馆与建筑培训之间建立联系。其中包括坎伯韦尔艺术与手工艺学院，巴特西理工学院和汉默史密斯艺术与建筑学院，教授包括砖石，水暖和抹灰以及建筑和建筑工程等学科。学生致力于由科学与艺术系设定的考试。该项目的这一方面涉及当前对作为知识形式的兴趣，例如Juhani Pallasmaa和Peter Zumthor等建筑师以及Glenn Adamson等学者。展示。重大调查范围从约翰·博克斯（John Physick）1982年的博物馆历史到朱利叶斯·布莱恩特（Julius Bryant）的2017年设计分析。这些作品中确定了来自MCBM的几个关键对象。这项研究将通过识别与MCBM的原始联系的对象建立在现有历史的基础上。较小的文献探索了南肯辛顿历史的替代方法，包括戴尔·丢请在1862年展览中的作品以及布鲁斯·罗伯逊（Bruce Robertson）对南肯辛顿博物馆的机构历史。罗伯逊（Robertson）批评历史的目的论结构，这些结构将统一艺术博物馆的出现视为不可避免的。他强调了1850年代至80年代占领该地点的机构的多样性。 Dishon在设计和建筑技术方面展示了1862年展览的重要性。该项目分享了他们在南肯辛顿发展初期的艺术与科学之间重叠的重点。在维多利亚时期，对博物馆与新学科的发展之间的关系和发展新学科的发展也日益增加了历史兴趣。这包括对牛津自然历史博物馆的重要性以及牛津大学的出现的持续研究，以及在19世纪的博物馆收藏，学术教学和新的地质学纪律的利兹项目中进行的一个项目。该项目将通过探索博物馆在技术教育中的作用来为这一新兴领域做出贡献。通过探索收藏，展示和受众如何互动，以及它们与建筑物交易中更多正规教育的关系，该项目将创建一个整体图片MCBM在教学中的作用。这将基于档案和基于对象的研究的结合。