COGNITION AFTER LESIONS OF IMMATURE CEREBRAL CORTEX

未成熟大脑皮层损伤后的认知

• 批准号: 6639476
• 负责人: BERTRAM R PAYNE
• 金额: $ 40.75万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-04-19 至 2005-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6639476
• 关键词: age difference; autoradiography; behavior; behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; brain mapping; cats; cerebral cortex; cognition; developmental neurobiology; electrophysiology; experimental brain lesion; histology; immature animal; light microscopy; memory; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neurogenesis; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; radiotracer; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (Provided by applicant): Brain lesions incurred early in life produce a different brain from that reached after normal development. The lesion-induced modifications are specific & ordered and they contribute to sparing of cognitive processes that are severely handicapped by equivalent lesions incurred by the mature brain. The long-term goal is to identify classes of spared functions and the structures contributing to them. The specific aim of the proposed work is to test the two component hypothesis that: 1) cognitive functions are spared by early lesions of areas 17 & 18, & 2) the contributions to cognition made by middle suprasylvian (MS) cortex, in the parietal region, and by ventral posterior suprasylvian (vPS) cortex, in the temporal region, differ from contributions the same regions make to cognition & behavior in the intact brain. Normally these two regions make clearly discriminable, and non-overlapping, contributions to cognition of space & action, and to learning, memory & recognition of forms. Studies will be carried out on mature cats that incurred damage of areas 17 & 18 on P1, P28, and in adulthood (P180), and normative data will be collected from intact cats. After extensive training on a battery of behavioral tasks designed to define the magnitude of the cognitive sparing, cooling loops will be implanted to temporarily deactivate MS or vPS cortices and assess the contributions the two regions make to the spectrum of spared functions. The behavioral tasks will reveal: 1) classes of spared cognitive functions; 2) age dependent differences in sparing; 3) whether remaining MS & vPS regions adopt functions normally associated with areas 17 & 18; & 4) whether functions normally localized to either MS or vPS cortices become dispersed, as substantial rewirings suggest. The work will provide detailed information on the capacities of the immature cerebral cortex to compensate for cognitive functions severely handicapped following equivalent damage of the mature cerebrum. The identification of these capacities is important for comprehending the spectrum of consequences of early cerebral cortical damage, and for developing therapeutic strategies that attempt to enhance the sparing of cognitive functions.

描述（由申请人提供）：生命早期发生的脑损伤 产生与正常发育后不同的大脑。这 损伤引起的修饰是特定的和有序的，它们有助于 避免受到同等严重阻碍的认知过程 成熟大脑造成的损伤。长期目标是确定类别 备用功能和有助于这些功能的结构。具体目标 所提出的工作的目的是测试两个组成部分的假设：1）认知 区域 17 和 18 的早期损伤使功能得以幸免，&2) 贡献 位于顶叶区域的中外侧裂上皮层 (MS) 做出的认知， 并通过颞区的腹侧后外侧上皮层 (vPS)， 与同一区域对认知和行为的贡献不同 完整的大脑。通常这两个区域可以明显区分，并且 不重叠，对空间和行动的认知以及学习的贡献， 形式的记忆和识别。研究将对成年猫进行 在 P1、P28 和成年期 (P180) 时对区域 17 和 18 造成损害，并且 规范数据将从完整的猫身上收集。经过广泛的培训 一系列旨在定义认知程度的行为任务 将植入备用冷却回路以暂时停用 MS 或 vPS 皮质并评估这两个区域对频谱的贡献 备用功能。行为任务将揭示：1）幸免的类别 认知功能； 2) 年龄相关的保护差异； 3）是否 其余的 MS 和 vPS 区域采用通常与区域 17 和 相关的功能 18； & 4) 功能通常是否定位于 MS 或 vPS 皮质 正如大量的重新布线所表明的那样，变得分散。该工作将提供 有关未成熟大脑皮层能力的详细信息 补偿严重受损的认知功能 成熟大脑的损伤。这些能力的识别是 对于理解早期脑损伤的后果范围很重要 皮质损伤，并制定试图修复的治疗策略 增强认知功能的保护。