Rehabilitation of Neural Spatial Neglect

神经空间忽视的康复

• 批准号: 6681596
• 负责人: BERTRAM R PAYNE
• 金额: $ 54.13万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-30 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6681596
• 关键词: auditory stimulus; behavior test; brain disorders; brain injury; cats; disease /disorder model; experimental brain lesion; ibotenate; nervous system disorder therapy; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; nonhuman therapy evaluation; sound perception; technology /technique development; transcranial magnetic stimulation; visual perception; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our long-term aim is to rehabilitate neural spatial neglect. Unilateral neglect is a complex neurological disorder induced by unilateral brain damage that is characterized by lack of conscious perception, awareness, attention, and cognition of objects in the space contralateral to the brain damage. In a cat model of spatial neglect, unilateral deactivation of posterior and inferior parietal cortex induces a profound neglect of objects in the contralateral hemifield. Paradoxically, the neglect is reversed by additional deactivation of the homotopic region in the contralateral hemisphere. This model system offers the opportunity to investigate the neural mechanisms which, when damaged, produce neglect, and to develop an effective therapeutic strategy to reverse neglect in humans. The Specific Aims of the proposed work are to test three hypotheses on: 1) the use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to reverse neglect in a cat model, 2) to learn more about the primary & secondary functional impacts of lesions and stimulations on the attention network, & 3) interactions of lesions & rTMS on distant structures as the impact of the lesion emerges & when it is stable. The knowledge gained will aid the development of therapeutic and interventional strategies for application to human patients suffering from neglect. Animal studies provide the best possibility of studying the neglect syndrome, and its paradoxical reversal, in a highly systematic way and with considerable anatomical rigor. Our model of spatial neglect will allow systematic identification and dissection of pathways affected by the lesion, provide insights into the brain mechanisms underlying the reversal of neglect, lead to the development of therapeutic strategies to rehabilitate and ultimately reverse neurological neglect in human patients. Our over riding goal is to minimize rTMS parameters yet provide maximum therapeutic duration. It is a realistic goal that can be achieved with the proposed whole-animal behavioral assays and supplemented by the brain-wide network analyses on the functional impacts and interactions of parietal lesions and applied TMS on neurons. The data are of obvious translational importance for neurorehabilitation of neglect and may have wider-ranging impact on other neurologic and psychiatric diseases.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们的长期目标是恢复神经空间忽视。单侧忽视是一种由单侧脑损伤引起的复杂的神经障碍，其特征是对脑损伤对侧空间中的物体缺乏有意识的感知、意识、注意力和认知。在空间忽视的猫模型中，后顶叶皮层和下顶叶皮层的单侧失活会导致对对侧半视野中物体的严重忽视。矛盾的是，对侧半球同伦区域的额外失活却逆转了这种忽视。该模型系统提供了研究受损时产生忽视的神经机制的机会，并开发有效的治疗策略来扭转人类的忽视。 拟议工作的具体目标是测试三个假设：1）使用重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）来扭转猫模型中的忽视，2）了解更多关于病变和刺激的主要和次要功能影响在注意力网络上，3）当病变的影响出现且稳定时，病变与 rTMS 对远处结构的相互作用。所获得的知识将有助于制定适用于遭受忽视的人类患者的治疗和介入策略。 动物研究提供了以高度系统化的方式和相当严格的解剖学研究忽视综合症及其矛盾逆转的最佳可能性。我们的空间忽视模型将允许系统地识别和剖析受病变影响的通路，提供对逆转忽视背后的大脑机制的见解，从而开发出康复并最终逆转人类患者神经忽视的治疗策略。 我们的首要目标是最大限度地减少 rTMS 参数，同时提供最长的治疗持续时间。这是一个现实的目标，可以通过所提出的全动物行为测定来实现，并辅之以对顶叶病变的功能影响和相互作用的全脑网络分析以及对神经元应用的 TMS。这些数据对于忽视的神经康复具有明显的转化意义，并且可能对其他神经系统和精神疾病产生更广泛的影响。