EMOTION OF PAIN: A NEUROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

疼痛情绪：神经生物学分析

• 批准号: 6599203
• 负责人: GEORGE S. BORSZCZ
• 金额: $ 32.98万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-03-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6599203
• 关键词: amygdala; angers; anxiety; behavioral /social science research tag; coping; depression; emotions; fear; frustration; laboratory rat; neural transmission; neuroanatomy; neurobiology; neuropsychology; pain; stimulus /response; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): All animals, including humans, react with distinct emotional coping strategies when confronted with stressors. The immediate reactions to stressors are innate behavior patterns with a phylogenetic history of enabling individuals to cope with threats. The prototypical threat to an individual is exposure to a painful stimulus, and recent findings indicate that painful stimuli engage neural circuits that control the execution of defensive behaviors. Within this context, the emotional dimension of pain belongs to a class of sensory experience that represents threat to the individual and governs the production of defensive reactions that enable the individual cope with the threat. Because the neural circuits that control the execution of defensive behaviors are known to a considerable degree, these circuits can be used to evaluate the mechanisms that underlie the innate emotional reaction to painful stimuli. An understanding of how these neural circuits are engaged by a painful stimulus also provides a foundation to study how the immediate emotional reactions to pain produce enduring effects on the individual. Alterations in the circuitry that controls defensive responding are implicated in conditions such as fear, anxiety, depression, frustration, and anger. These secondary emotional reactions are components of the human pain experience, and contribute to the suffering and disability associated with pain. Rats produce a particular type of vocalization (vocalization after discharge, VAD) when exposed to a painful stimulus or confronted with a predator. These vocalizations reflect the rat's immediate emotional reaction to threatening stimuli. These vocalizations are used as a model behavioral system to investigate how painful stimuli engage mesolimbic circuits that control execution of defensive reactions to threats. Two interconnected core structures (ventromedial hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray) control execution of defensive behaviors, and the proposal initiates a systematic evaluation of how painful stimulation activates this neural circuit. The amygdala is the best-characterized modulator of these core structures, and the proposal also evaluates how amygdaloid subnuclei (medial, basolateral, central) enhance or suppress pain transmission through these sites.

描述（由申请人提供）：所有动物，包括人类，在面临压力时都会采取不同的情绪应对策略。对压力源的直接反应是先天的行为模式，具有使个体能够应对威胁的系统发育历史。对个体的典型威胁是遭受痛苦的刺激，最近的研究结果表明，痛苦的刺激会参与控制防御行为执行的神经回路。在这种情况下，疼痛的情感维度属于一类感觉体验，代表对个人的威胁，并控制防御反应的产生，使个人能够应对威胁。由于控制防御行为执行的神经回路已在相当程度上为人所知，因此这些回路可用于评估对痛苦刺激的先天情绪反应的机制。了解这些神经回路如何受到疼痛刺激的影响，也为研究对疼痛的直接情绪反应如何对个体产生持久影响奠定了基础。控制防御反应的回路的改变与恐惧、焦虑、抑郁、沮丧和愤怒等情况有关。这些次级情绪反应是人类疼痛体验的组成部分，并导致与疼痛相关的痛苦和残疾。当老鼠受到痛苦的刺激或面对捕食者时，会产生一种特殊类型的发声（出院后发声，VAD）。这些发声反映了老鼠对威胁性刺激的直接情绪反应。这些发声被用作模型行为系统，以研究疼痛刺激如何参与控制对威胁的防御反应执行的中脑边缘回路。两个相互关联的核心结构（下丘脑腹内侧和导水管周围灰质）控制防御行为的执行，该提案启动了对疼痛刺激如何激活该神经回路的系统评估。杏仁核是这些核心结构的最佳调节器，该提案还评估了杏仁核亚核（内侧、基底外侧、中央）如何增强或抑制通过这些部位的疼痛传递。