Gustatory and Olfactory Changes with Age

味觉和嗅觉随年龄的变化

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    6747107
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    1979
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    1979-12-01 至 2007-01-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adverse sensory and cognitive side effects from prescription medications can lead to noncompliance and thus jeopardize the health and well-being of older individuals. However, the prevalence of these effects in the population, their severity, their time course, their specificity, their reversibility, and their underlying causes/mechanisms has not been quantified in prospective studies. This hypothesis-driven study will investigate the role of anticholinergic activity as a mechanism for sensory and cognitive side-effects of medications. Over 250 drugs (including 47.5 percent of the 131 most frequently prescribed medications as measured by IMS America's National Prescription Audit) have been reported clinically to impair the senses of taste and/or smell. Most of these drugs are also associated clinically with impaired vision, audition, somesthesis and/or cognition. Of the drugs that cause taste, smell and other sensory/cognitive distortions, a significant proportion has anticholinergic activity (e.g. reduced salivary secretion/dry mouth, dilated pupils/blurred vision, altered cognitive function including memory loss and contusion), and these adverse drug reactions are reported more frequently in older individuals. This prospective study will determine the effects of medications taken systemically on the chemical senses as well as vision, audition, somesthesis, and cognition. Three hypotheses will be tested: a) Medications that exhibit anticholinergic activity (group 1) will impair all the senses (taste, smell, vision, audition, somesthesis) and cognition. For these drugs, the magnitude of loss will be related to the level of anticholinergic activity as measured by total salivary flow. The degree of sensory impairment will also be correlated with the degree of cognitive dysfunction. The magnitude of loss is expected to increase with the number of anticholinergic drugs taken. b) Medications that are reported clinically to cause taste and smell impairments but have no anticholinergic side-effects (group 2) are predicted to impair taste and smell as measured psychophysically but will not impair cognitive function. They may or may not alter the senses of vision and audition. c) Changes in taste and smell sensitivity will be found for medications in groups I and 2 both over time and in comparison to a control group not on medications. These studies will provide evidence-based data for physicians and patients on relative risks, magnitude, progression, and potential reversibility of drug-induced sensory and cognitive side-effects of medications in elderly people.
描述(由申请人提供):不良的感觉和认知副作用 处方药可能导致不遵守规定,从而危及 老年人的健康和福祉。然而,这些现象的普遍存在 对人群的影响、其严重程度、时间进程、 特异性、可逆性及其根本原因/机制 前瞻性研究中尚未量化。这项假设驱动的研究将 研究抗胆碱能活性作为感觉和感觉机制的作用 药物的认知副作用。超过 250 种药物(其中 47.5% 根据 IMS America 的测量,131 种最常开出的药物中 国家处方审核)已被临床报告损害感官 味道和/或气味。大多数这些药物在临床上也与 视力、听力、感觉和/或认知受损。那些药物中 导致味觉、嗅觉和其他感官/认知扭曲, 部分具有抗胆碱能活性(例如减少唾液分泌/干燥 嘴巴、瞳孔放大/视力模糊、认知功能改变,包括 记忆力减退和挫伤),而这些药物不良反应报道较多 常见于老年人。这项前瞻性研究将确定 全身服用药物对化学感官的影响以及 视觉、听觉、感觉和认知。将测试三个假设: a) 表现出抗胆碱能活性的药物(第 1 组)会损害所有 感官(味觉、嗅觉、视觉、听觉、感觉)和认知。为了 这些药物的损失程度与药物的水平有关 通过总唾液流量测量的抗胆碱能活性。程度 感觉障碍也与认知程度相关 功能障碍。损失的幅度预计会随着损失的数量而增加 服用抗胆碱能药物。 b) 临床报告的药物 引起味觉和嗅觉障碍,但没有抗胆碱能副作用 根据心理物理测量,(第 2 组)预计会损害味觉和嗅觉 但不会损害认知功能。它们可能会也可能不会改变人们的感觉 视觉和听觉。 c) 味觉和嗅觉敏感度会发生变化 I 组和 2 组的药物随着时间的推移以及与对照组的比较 组不服用药物。这些研究将为以下方面提供循证数据 医生和患者的相对风险、程度、进展和 药物引起的感觉和认知副作用的潜在可逆性 老年人的药物。

项目成果

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SUSAN S SCHIFFMAN其他文献

SUSAN S SCHIFFMAN的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('SUSAN S SCHIFFMAN', 18)}}的其他基金

EFFECT OF TASTE & TRIGEMINAL STIMULATION ON NEUROENDOCRINE VALUES
味道的影响
  • 批准号:
    6565313
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 项目类别:
EFFECT OF TASTE & TRIGEMINAL STIMULATION ON NEUROENDOCRINE VALUES
味道的影响
  • 批准号:
    6503053
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 项目类别:
Taste and smell enhancement in older cancer patients
老年癌症患者的味觉和嗅觉增强
  • 批准号:
    6336208
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 项目类别:
EFFECT OF TASTE & TRIGEMINAL STIMULATION ON NEUROENDOCRINE VALUES
味道的影响
  • 批准号:
    6415254
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 项目类别:
EFFECT OF TASTE & TRIGEMINAL STIMULATION ON NEUROENDOCRINE VALUES
味道的影响
  • 批准号:
    6463016
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 项目类别:
EFFECT OF TASTE & TRIGEMINAL STIMULATION ON NEUROENDOCRINE VALUES
味道的影响
  • 批准号:
    6302917
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 项目类别:
EFFECT OF TASTE & TRIGEMINAL STIMULATION ON NEUROENDOCRINE VALUES
味道的影响
  • 批准号:
    6263415
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 项目类别:
MEDICATIONS EFFECT ON TASTE AND SMELL IN HIV
药物对艾滋病毒味觉和嗅觉的影响
  • 批准号:
    2458550
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 项目类别:
MODEL FOR DRUG AND POLLUTION INDUCED DYSGESIA
药物和污染引起的消化不良模型
  • 批准号:
    2128503
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 项目类别:
MEDICATIONS EFFECT ON TASTE AND SMELL IN HIV
药物对艾滋病毒味觉和嗅觉的影响
  • 批准号:
    2749252
  • 财政年份:
    1996
  • 资助金额:
    $ 0.5万
  • 项目类别:

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味觉和嗅觉随年龄的变化
  • 批准号:
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