Sleep and Melatonin in Diurnal and Nocturnal Rodents

昼间和夜间啮齿动物的睡眠和褪黑激素

• 批准号: 6528757
• 负责人: Colleen M Novak
• 金额: $ 4.62万
• 依托单位: GEORGIA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-15 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6528757
• 关键词: autoradiography; behavioral /social science research tag; biological models; blood chemistry; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; circadian rhythms; drug administration rate /duration; electroencephalography; hormone receptor; hormone regulation /control mechanism; injection /infusion; laboratory rat; melatonin; molecular psychobiology; neural information processing; neurosurgery; protein localization; psychophysiology; radioimmunoassay; receptor expression; sleep; sleep regulatory center; telemetry; thalamic nuclei; video recording system

Numerous studies have shown that melatonin can induce sleep in humans. However, the brain mechanisms responsible for this effect are unknown. This is due to the lack of a laboratory rodent model of the soporific effects of melatonin; attempts to induce sleep with melatonin in laboratory rodents have used nocturnal rodents, meaning rodents active during the dark phase of the cycle, such as rats and Djungarian hamsters. Melatonin does not consistently induce sleep in these rodents. In fact, in most of these studies, melatonin reduced sleep and increased wakefulness. Because these nocturnal animals are most active during the night, when melatonin secretion is the highest, these results should not be surprising. A diurnal rodent model is needed to demonstrate the sleep-inducing effects of melatonin. Arvicanthis niloticus (unstriped Nile grass rat), a diurnal murid rodent, is an ideal animal in which to demonstrate the sleep-inducing effects of melatonin. Further, using this rodent as a model, the brain circuitry through which melatonin induces sleep can be investigated. Results from these studies may clarify how melatonin can be used to treat insomnia and

许多研究表明，褪黑激素可以诱导人类的睡眠。但是，导致这种效果的大脑机制尚不清楚。这是由于缺乏实验室啮齿动物模型的褪黑激素作用的模型。在实验室啮齿动物中诱导褪黑激素诱导睡眠的尝试使用了夜间啮齿动物，这意味着在循环的黑暗阶段（例如大鼠和丁加利亚仓鼠）活跃的啮齿动物。褪黑激素不会始终诱导这些啮齿动物的睡眠。实际上，在大多数研究中，褪黑激素会降低睡眠和增加的清醒性。由于这些夜间动物在夜晚最活跃，而当褪黑激素分泌最高时，这些结果就不足为奇了。需要昼夜啮齿动物模型来证明褪黑激素的诱导睡眠效应。 Arvicanthis niloticus（未修饰的尼罗草大鼠）是一种昼夜鼠类啮齿动物，是一种理想的动物，可以在其中证明褪黑激素的睡眠诱导作用。此外，使用该啮齿动物作为模型，可以研究褪黑激素诱导睡眠的大脑回路。这些研究的结果可能会阐明如何使用褪黑激素治疗失眠和