NEUROPSYCHIATRIC IMPAIRMENT IN ADOLESCENT INHALANT USERS

青少年吸入剂使用者的神经精神损伤

• 批准号: 6584578
• 负责人: MATTHEW O HOWARD
• 金额: $ 7.65万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-25 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6584578
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); behavior disorders; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition disorders; correctional institutions; criminal behavior; human subject; inhalation drug abuse; longitudinal human study; mental disorders; neurotoxicology; social behavior disorders; substance abuse epidemiology; substance abuse related behavior; violence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Few studies have examined the prevalence of DSM-IV Inhalant Use Disorders or the relationship of inhalant intoxication to adverse biopsychosocial outcomes, high-risk behavior, and neuropsychiatric impairments among youth at high risk for the occurrence of inhalant-related problems. Specific aims of the proposed RO3 are to: 1) Describe the prevalence of DSM-IV Inhalant Use Disorders and prior episodes of interpersonal violence, criminal acts, high-risk behaviors and other adverse biopsychosocial outcomes associated with inhalant intoxication in a state population of incarcerated youth, 2) Describe the prevalence of nonprescription asthma inhaler abuse, reasons for abuse, characteristics of incarcerated youth who abuse inhalers, and adverse consequences of inhaler intoxication, and 3) Describe the nature and severity of cognitive and psychiatric impairments among heavy adolescent inhalant abusers relative to matched non-users and the persistence of these impairments over six months. All youth (N equals approximately 716) incarcerated in Missouri Division of Youth Services (DYS) institutions will be screened for lifetime inhalant use. Inhalant users will complete assessments of legal, social, psychological, and medical consequences associated with episodes of inhalant intoxication and measures of attitudes toward inhalants, contexts/modes of use, and DSM-IV Inhalant Abuse/Dependence. The proposed research will also yield important new findings describing the prevalence and characteristics of nonprescription asthma inhaler abuse. Further, the proposed RO3 presents a unique opportunity to study the nature and reversibility of specific neuropsychological impairments/psychiatric syndromes in youth at high risk for the development of inhalant related neurotoxicity and associated functional impairments. The project incorporates a case-control study comparing heavy recent adolescent inhalant users to a matched sample of inhalant-negative youth across measures of cognitive performance and psychiatric symptoms. Case-control subjects will complete assessment batteries shortly following their incarceration and 6-months later. Study findings will yield key information about the prevalence of DSM-IV Inhalant Use Disorders among youth in correctional settings and new data regarding adverse legal, social, and health outcomes and persistent neuropsychiatric impairments associated with inhalant intoxication. Study findings will contribute to more effective prevention and treatment efforts with youth at high risk for inhalant-related problems.

描述（由申请人提供）：很少有研究检查DSM-IV吸入使用障碍的普遍性或吸入中毒与不良生物心理社会结局，高风险行为和神经精神障碍的不良关系的关系，而年轻人在高风险中遇到了不可脱离的问题的高风险。 提出的RO3的具体目的是：1）描述DSM-IV吸入使用障碍的普遍性以及人际际暴力，犯罪行为，高风险行为和其他不良生物心理社会结局的事先发作，与滥用虐待的人口相关的滥用行为的人口相关的侵犯人数滥用的人数与侵犯的人口相关的侵犯疾病的预期侵害，侵犯的侵害，滥用吸入器的监禁年轻人以及吸入器中毒的不利后果，以及3）描述了相对于不匹配的非用户的沉重青少年滥用者的认知和精神障碍的性质和严重性以及六个月内这些障碍的持久性。所有在密苏里州青年服务部（DYS）机构中被监禁的所有青年（n等于716），将筛选终身使用。吸入使用者将完成与吸入中毒的事件以及对吸入剂，使用环境/使用方式以及DSM-IV吸入滥用/依赖的态度相关的法律，社会，心理和医学后果的评估。拟议的研究还将产生重要的新发现，描述了非处方哮喘吸入器滥用的患病率和特征。此外，拟议的RO3为研究年轻人的特定神经心理学障碍/精神综合症的性质和可逆性提供了独特的机会，以高风险发展吸入相关的神经毒性和相关功能障碍。该项目结合了一项案例对照研究，将最近的青少年吸入用户与跨认知表现和精神病症状的量度相匹配的吸入阴性青年样本进行了比较。病例对照受试者将在监禁后不久完成评估电池，并在6个月后完成评估。研究发现将产生有关矫正环境中年轻人中DSM-IV吸入使用障碍的关键信息，以及有关不良法律，社会和健康成果以及与中毒相关的持续性神经精神障碍的新数据。 研究结果将有助于更有效的预防和治疗工作，因为青年人面临着与吸入有关的问题的高风险。