LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF CRAVING FOR CIGARETTES

对香烟渴望的实验室研究

• 批准号: 6329146
• 负责人: STEPHEN T TIFFANY
• 金额: $ 19.93万
• 依托单位: PURDUE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-05-01 至 2002-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6329146
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; craving; cues; drug habituation; drug withdrawal; heart rate; human subject; isolation /deprivation; longitudinal human study; performance; pharmacokinetics; psychomotor reaction time; psychopharmacology; relapse /recurrence; smoking; startle reaction; tobacco abuse

It is commonly assumed that craving reflects the motivational state that causes ongoing drug-use behavior in the addict and triggers all instances of relapse. Consequently, efforts to understand and treat addictive behavior would be benefitted considerably by systematic investigations of craving. The overall objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of craving processes activated under laboratory conditions. Most laboratory-based studies of craving involve some form of cue-reactivity procedures, which assess addict's craving and autonomic responses when they are presented with drug-related stimuli. The full potential of these procedures is often limited by certain methodological shortcomings, and several longstanding questions of critical importance to the cue-reactivity paradigm have not been investigated. The research described in this application will provide for the development of Cue- Availability Paradigm, an innovative procedure that addresses the methodological limitations of conventional cue-reactivity procedures. Reactivity measures collected in this paradigm include assessments of craving, mood, autonomic responses, drug seeking, drug consumption and cognitive processing. Four studies are proposes that will use the Cue-Availability Paradigm to address major questions about craving that have not been systematically evaluated. Study 1 will explore the impact of actual and anticipated cigarette availability on smokers' reactions to smoking stimuli. Study 2 will determine the impact of cigarette availability on reactivity measures. Study 3 will identify the profile of reactivity variables predictive of a smoker's ability to remain abstinent from cigarettes. Study 4 will evaluate the extent to which craving and other reactions generated by the Cue- Availability Paradigm are associated with a smoker's level of smoking experience. These proposed studies will establish sophisticated and innovative procedures and assessments for addressing issues of fundamental methodological, theoretical and clinical importance in scientific studies of craving.

通常认为，渴望反映了在吸毒者中引起持续使用毒品行为的动机状态，并触发所有复发实例。因此，通过系统的渴望调查，可以大大受益于理解和治疗成瘾行为的努力。这项研究的总体目的是对在实验室条件下激活的渴望过程进行全面评估。大多数基于实验室的渴望研究都涉及某种形式的提示反应性程序，这些程序会评估瘾君子的渴望和自主反应时，它们在与药物相关的刺激中表现出来。这些程序的全部潜力通常受到某些方法上的缺点的限制，并且尚未研究对提示反应范式至关重要的一些长期问题。本应用程序中描述的研究将提供提示可用性范式的开发，这是一种创新的程序，旨在解决传统提示反应程序的方法论局限性。在本范式中收集的反应性措施包括对渴望，情绪，自主反应，寻求药物，药物消耗和认知处理的评估。提出了四项研究，该研究将使用提示可用性范式来解决有关渴望尚未系统评估的主要问题。研究1将探讨实际和预期的香烟可用性对吸烟者对吸烟刺激的反应的影响。研究2将确定香烟可用性对反应性措施的影响。研究3将确定反应性变量的特征，可预测吸烟者戒烟的能力。研究4将评估提示范式产生的渴望和其他反应的程度与吸烟者的吸烟体验水平有关。这些提出的研究将建立复杂的创新程序和评估，以解决渴望科学研究中基本方法，理论和临床重要性的问题。