ADOLESCENT CHILDREN OF ALCOHOLICS--TWIN FAMILY STUDY

酗酒的青少年儿童--双胞胎家庭研究

• 批准号: 6410026
• 负责人: William R. True
• 金额: $ 17.85万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-01-05 至 2001-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6410026
• 关键词: Australia; adolescence (12-20); alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; comorbidity; disease /disorder etiology; dizygotic twins; family genetics; father child interaction; gene environment interaction; genetic susceptibility; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; maternal behavior; mental disorder diagnosis; monozygotic twins; social model; twin /multiplet; young adult human (21-34)

This project seems to characterize genetic and family environmental influences in the development and course of alcoholism and co-morbid psychopathology, with a focus on outcomes in adolescence of offspring of alcoholic mothers. Using a cohort-sequential design, we will follow prospectively adolescent offspring (aged 13-21) of Australian alcoholic and control mothers and their twin sisters. The proposed study builds upon completed diagnostic assessments of Australian Twin Register '1981 cohort' twins (N=6000) and their spouses or partners (N=3700; final N=4000). Twin family studies afford important design advantages: identical twins share all their genes and fraternal twins share half so that genetic contributions to the onset of alcoholism are controlled. The first aim will determine whether and to what extend the abuse, psychopathology, academic achievement, general psychosocial competence and family and other social relationships, assessed by structured interviews and questionnaires. Second, the role of maternal comorbid psychopathology as a qualifier of adolescent outcomes, as well as maternal substance using during pregnancy (self- and informant report) will be examined. Third, the contributions of paternal alcoholism and other psychopathology (i.e. increased genetic risk through assortive mating, as well as environmental consequences of paternal alcoholism) will be examined and controlled for. The full potential of the twin- family design will be used to test three major mediation models of alcoholism risk: deviant socialization, negative affect regulation, and pharmacological vulnerability. Strong social learning theory models for the environment transmission of alcoholism risk will be tested, focused on (i) poor parental control, deviant socialization and exposure to deviant and substance using peers (deviant socialization model), (ii) parental lack of warmth, impaired social relationships, increased traumatic event exposure and increased risk of depression, and (iii) environmental transmission of enhancement and coping motives for drinking, and associated alcohol expectancies. Each of these will be extended to model the interplay of genetic and environmental influences in determining difference differences in alcohol risk.

该项目似乎描述了遗传和家庭环境对酗酒和共病精神病理学的发展和过程的影响，重点关注酗酒母亲的后代青春期的结果。我们将采用队列序贯设计，追踪澳大利亚酗酒者和对照组母亲及其双胞胎姐妹的未来青春期后代（13-21 岁）。拟议的研究以澳大利亚双胞胎登记册“1981 年队列”双胞胎 (N=6000) 及其配偶或伴侣 (N=3700；最终 N=4000) 的完整诊断评估为基础。双胞胎家庭研究提供了重要的设计优势：同卵双胞胎共享所有基因，异卵双胞胎共享一半基因，从而控制酗酒发病的遗传因素。第一个目标将确定是否以及在何种程度上存在虐待、精神病理学、学业成绩、一般社会心理能力以及家庭和其他社会关系，并通过结构化访谈和问卷进行评估。其次，将审查母亲共病精神病理学作为青少年结局的限定因素的作用，以及母亲在怀孕期间使用药物的情况（自我报告和知情人报告）。第三，将检查和控制父亲酗酒和其他精神病理学的贡献（即通过选型交配增加遗传风险，以及父亲酗酒对环境的影响）。双胞胎家庭设计的全部潜力将用于测试酗酒风险的三种主要中介模型：异常社会化、负面情绪调节和药物脆弱性。将测试酗酒风险环境传播的强大社会学习理论模型，重点关注（i）父母控制不良、异常社交以及接触异常和使用物质的同龄人（异常社交模型），（ii）父母缺乏温暖、受损社会关系、创伤事件暴露增加和抑郁风险增加，以及(iii) 饮酒增强和应对动机的环境传播，以及相关的酒精预期。其中每一个都将被扩展，以模拟遗传和环境影响的相互作用，以确定酒精风险的差异。