ADOLESCENT STRESS AND NEURAL PLASTICITY

青少年压力和神经可塑性

• 批准号: 6363657
• 负责人: Craig F Ferris
• 金额: $ 22.09万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-09-30 至 2005-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6363657
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); aggression; arginine vasopressin; behavioral /social science research tag; brain mapping; child psychology; conflict; developmental neurobiology; ethology; genetic transcription; hamsters; hypothalamus; innervation; microdialysis; neural information processing; neural plasticity; neurochemistry; neurotransmitter receptor; psychological stressor; receptor binding; serotonin; siblings

DESCRIPTION (applicant's abstract): This proposal examines the interaction between the brain and a stressful environment during the developmental period of adolescence. It is well documented that perinatal stressors can affect brain development resulting in long-term neurobiological and behavioral consequences. However, little is known about the biological consequences of stress in adolescence. There are reports that adolescents between 12-15 are ranked third in victimization rate while adolescents between 16-19 are the most victimized group in the population. In an animal model, peripubertal or adolescent male hamsters exposed to the stress of threat and attack from larger hamsters present with altered agonistic behavior as young adults when compared to their sibling controls. In addition, adult animals with a history of adolescent stress have altered brain chemistry, specifically, the arginine vasopressin (AVP) and serotonin (5-HT) innervation to the hypothalamus involved in the regulation of agonistic behavior. This work asks three questions: (1) how has adolescent stress affected the AVP and 5-HT systems; (2) are the behavioral and neurobiological changes caused by stress in adolescence different from those caused by stress in adulthood; and (3) are the changes in neurobiology and behavior from adolescent stress permanent? Stress-induced changes in the AVP and the 5-HT systems are determined by measures of gene transcription, receptor binding, and neurotransmitter release with microdialysis; the behavior and neurobiology of siblings exposed to stress during adolescence or adulthood are compared to age matched sibling controls; and animals stressed in adolescence are examined over several months for recovery of behavior and neurobiology. This work will help understand the effects of stress in adolescence and the ability of the brain to recover from insult at this potentially vulnerable period of development.

描述（申请人的摘要）：该提案研究了交互作用 发育期间大脑与压力环境之间的关系 青春期的。有充分证据表明，围产期压力源会影响大脑 发育导致长期的神经生物学和行为后果。 然而，人们对压力的生物学后果知之甚少。 青春期。有报道称12-15岁青少年排名第三 受害率方面，16-19岁青少年受害最多 人口中的群体。在动物模型中，青春期前后或青春期的雄性 仓鼠面临来自较大仓鼠的威胁和攻击的压力 与年轻人相比，年轻人的竞争行为发生了改变 兄弟控件。此外，有青春期历史的成年动物 压力改变了大脑的化学物质，特别是精氨酸加压素 （AVP）和血清素（5-HT）对下丘脑的神经支配参与 竞争行为的调节。这项工作提出了三个问题：（1） 青少年压力影响 AVP 和 5-HT 系统； (2) 是行为和 青春期压力引起的神经生物学变化与其他时期不同 成年时期的压力造成的； (3) 是神经生物学的变化， 青春期压力造成的行为是永久性的吗？压力引起的 AVP 变化 5-HT系统是通过基因转录、受体的测量来确定的 通过微透析进行结合和神经递质释放；的行为和 青少年或成年期间遭受压力的兄弟姐妹的神经生物学 与年龄匹配的兄弟姐妹对照相比；和处于青春期压力的动物 经过几个月的检查，以了解行为和神经生物学的恢复情况。 这项工作将有助于了解青春期压力的影响以及 大脑从这种潜在脆弱性的侮辱中恢复的能力 发展期。