Individual Differences in Self-Regulatory Modes

自律模式的个体差异

• 批准号: 6405839
• 负责人: HEIDI GRANT-PILLOW
• 金额: $ 3.33万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-03 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6405839
• 关键词: age difference; culture; education; gender difference; goal oriented behavior; human subject; learning; mental process; performance; personality; postdoctoral investigator; racial /ethnic difference

DESCRIPTION (provided by candidate): Goal-setting style (fantasizing about the positive future, dwelling on negative obstacles, or contrasting the positive future with negative obstacles) and the forming of implementation intentions (planning when, where, and how you will take action toward your goal) have been shown to predict the variables of greatest concern to the field of motivation: goal commitment, expectancy effects, immediacy and efficiency of action, persistence, and successful goal pursuit. Given the significant effects of these two self-regulatory modes on goal attainment in so many areas (e.g. achievement, health, relationships), it becomes important to understand how individuals might differ in their chronic tendencies, and to discover the experiences that shape these tendencies. The proposed studies will address the following questions: 1) Does the prevalence of a particular goal-setting style or the tendency to plan differ among populations of different education, ethnicity, age, or gender, and can differences in self-regulatory modes account for known differences among these groups in areas like achievement? 2) Is there a relationship between goal type(e.g. performance, learning) and the effectiveness or likelihood of particular goal-setting styles or planning? How much of the effects of goal-type can be understood in terms of these self-regulatory processes? 3) Can goal-setting style or planning tendencies lead to more effective means of coping with difficulty, setbacks, or failure? 4) What role do goal setting styles and planning tendencies play in determining affect and well-being? and 5) What is the role of culture in fostering goal-setting styles and planning?

描述（由候选人提供）：目标设定样式（幻想 积极的未来，居住在负面障碍上，或对比积极 负面障碍的未来）和实施意图的形成 （计划何时，地点以及如何采取行动） 证明可以预测动机领域最关心的变量： 目标承诺，预期效应，即时性和行动效率， 坚持不懈和成功的目标追求。鉴于 这两种关于在许多领域的目标实现目标的自我调节模式（例如 成就，健康，人际关系），了解如何了解 个人可能在慢性倾向上有所不同，并发现 体验这些趋势。拟议的研究将解决 以下问题：1）特定目标设定风格的普遍性 或计划在不同教育人群中计划不同的趋势， 种族，年龄或性别，可以自我调节模式差异 在成就等领域中这些群体之间的已知差异？ 2）在那里 目标类型（例如表现，学习）与 特定目标设定风格或计划的有效性或可能性？如何 目标类型的许多影响可以从这些方面理解 自我调节过程？ 3）可以制定目标风格或计划趋势 导致更有效的手段应对困难，挫折或失败？ 4）目标设定风格和计划趋势在确定方面发挥了什么作用 情感和幸福？ 5）文化在培养中的作用是什么 目标设定风格和计划？