Personality, learning and risk for alcoholism

性格、学习和酗酒风险

• 批准号: 6406237
• 负责人: KRISTEN G ANDERSON
• 金额: $ 2.22万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-03-25 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6406237
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; child (0-11); clinical research; disease /disorder proneness /risk; expectancy; human subject; learning; longitudinal human study; personality; predoctoral investigator

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research is an important step in testing the acquired preparedness model. In this model, the stable personality trait of disinhibition, detectable as early as one year of age, involves a bias to focus on the rewarding aspects of events, when both rewards and punishments are present. When this bias encounters alcohol-related learning, it leads to a bias to form positive or reward-based expectancies for alcohol consumption. The influence of disinhibition on drinking level is thus mediated by positive alcohol expectancy. Trait inhibition. also detectable by age one, involves a bias to focus on the punishing aspects of events, when both rewards and punishments occur. When this bias encounters alcohol-related learning, it leads to a bias to form negative alcohol expectancies, which in turn leads to less consumption. The goal of the proposed research program is to demonstrate in three age groups that: 1.) individual differences in trait disinhibition and trait inhibition are present prior to alcohol expectancy formation; 2.) these traits correlate with individual differences in alcohol expectancies once the latter are present; and 3.) these traits? influence on alcohol consumption, once it is underway, is mediated by alcohol expectancy.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究是重要的一步 测试获得的准备模型。 在这个模型中，稳定的去抑制人格特征早在一岁时就可以检测到，当奖励和惩罚同时存在时，人们会倾向于关注事件的奖励方面。 当这种偏见遇到与酒精相关的学习时，就会导致对饮酒形成积极的或基于奖励的预期的偏见。去抑制对饮酒的影响 因此，酒精水平是由正酒精预期调节的。性状抑制。还 一岁时就可以察觉，涉及到关注惩罚性方面的偏见 奖励和惩罚同时发生的事件。当这种偏见遇到时 与酒精相关的学习，会导致形成负面酒精的偏见 预期，进而导致消费减少。 拟议研究计划的目标是在三个年龄段进行展示 认为：1.）性状去抑制和性状抑制的个体差异 在酒精预期形成之前就存在； 2.）这些特征相关 酒精预期存在个体差异，一旦后者 展示; 3.）这些特征？一旦饮酒，就会对饮酒产生影响 正在进行中，是由酒精预期介导的。