COGNITIVE AND EMOTIONAL MATURITY IN ADULTHOOD AND AGING

成年期和衰老期的认知和情感成熟度

• 批准号: 6371753
• 负责人: GISELA LABOUVIE-VIEF
• 金额: $ 37.14万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-07-01 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6371753
• 关键词: African American; Alaskan Native American; Asians; Hispanic Americans; Native Americans; adult human (21+); age difference; aging; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; coping; developmental psychology; emotional adjustment; gender difference; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; mental health epidemiology; outcomes research; psychological aspect of aging; psychological defense mechanism; psychological models; quality of life; questionnaires; racial /ethnic difference; socioenvironment

DESCRIPTION (adapted from investigator's abstract): This sequential-longitudinal investigation extends an examination of patterns of cognitive-emotional development across the life span. Research conducted thus far during the initial project period has provided evidence for two psychological components of adult socioemotional development: reflective cognition and maturation of coping. Each is associated with somewhat different predictors/mechanisms: reflective cognition reflects the effects of education and acculturation, while maturity of coping/defense mechanisms reflects a secure relationship history. However the extent to which older individuals performance reflects age or cohort, and the extent to which they reflect flexible affect modulation versus inflexible affect inhibition, remains to be demonstrated. To examine these questions, a longitudinal sample of 330 individuals will be recontracted year 2 of the project. The resulting estimated 300 participants will be distributed over seven age groups from 15 to 93 years, with nearly equal numbers of males and females in each age group. Individuals will respond to cognitive and, socioemotional context and outcome measures. In addition, a subsample (N=150) of the original sample will be selected for an in-depth interview during which measures of physiological reactivity and facial expression of emotion will be interfaced with self-assessments (self-reports) of emotional reactivity. Finally, a new subsample of 154 African-Americans will be matched in age, gender and education to this longitudinal subsample. Analyses will examine the following issues: (a) if age gradients reported so far generalize across time; (b) if changes in reflective cognition and maturity are related to different predictor variables; (c) the degree to which study variables are related to survival; and (d) if the structural models so far established generalizes across time and cultural group; (e) age related differences in affect expression and affect repression/inhibition and (f) if affect repression/inhibition is involved in maintaining a sense of well-being and apparently good coping especially in older individuals.

描述（改编自研究者的摘要）：这 连续纵向调查扩展了对模式的检查 整个生命周期的认知情感发展。 进行的研究 到目前为止，在项目初始阶段已提供了两个证据 成人社会情感发展的心理组成部分：反思 应对的认知和成熟。 每个都与某种程度相关 不同的预测因子/机制：反思性认知反映效果 教育和文化适应的程度，以及应对/防御机制的成熟度 反映了安全的关系历史。 然而，老年人的程度 个人表现反映了年龄或群体，以及他们的程度 反映灵活的情感调节与不灵活的情感抑制， 还有待证明。 为了研究这些问题，我们将选取 330 名个体进行纵向抽样。 重新承包了该项目的第二年。 结果估计为 300 参与者将分布在 15 岁至 93 岁之间的七个年龄组， 每个年龄段的男性和女性人数几乎相等。 个人将对认知和社会情感背景做出反应 结果措施。 另外，原始样本的子样本（N=150） 将被选为深度访谈对象，访谈期间将采取以下措施： 生理反应和情绪的面部表情将相互关联 对情绪反应进行自我评估（自我报告）。 最后，一个 154 名非裔美国人的新子样本将在年龄、性别和 对这个纵向子样本的教育。 分析将检查以下问题：(a) 是否报告了年龄梯度 到目前为止，跨时间概括； (b) 如果反思性认知发生变化并且 成熟度与不同的预测变量相关； (c) 程度 哪些研究变量与生存相关； (d) 如果结构 迄今为止建立的模型可以跨时间和文化群体进行推广； （五） 情感表达和情感的年龄相关差异 压抑/抑制以及 (f) 情感压抑/抑制是否涉及 保持幸福感和明显的良好应对能力，尤其是在 年长的个体。