Social Inequalities, Psychosicial Factors, and Health

社会不平等、心理因素和健康

• 批准号: 7006911
• 负责人: Nadine F Marks
• 金额: $ 13.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-30 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7006911
• 关键词: African American; Alaskan Native American; Asians; Hispanic Americans; Native Americans; behavioral /social science research tag; caucasian American; family structure /dynamics; gender difference; health; health behavior; human data; human middle age (35-64); interpersonal relations; mathematical model; physical fitness; psychometrics; racial /ethnic difference; social adjustment; social mobility; social perception; social psychology; social status; socioeconomics; socioenvironment; stressor; African American; Alaskan Native American; Asians; Hispanic Americans; Native Americans; behavioral /social science research tag; caucasian American; family structure /dynamics; gender difference; health; health behavior; human data; human middle age (35-64); interpersonal relations; mathematical model; physical fitness; psychometrics; racial /ethnic difference; social adjustment; social mobility; social perception; social psychology; social status; socioeconomics; socioenvironment; stressor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research will investigate linkages between life course social inequalities, psychosocial factors, and adult physical health. Specifically, differences in several dimensions of socioeconomic status (SES) and race-ethnicity will be examined as potential social determinants of differences in psychological factors (e.g., affect, personality style, sense of control, self-evaluation, perceived discrimination, religiosity/spirituality) and social relationship factors (e.g., marital history and quality; intergenerational relationships and quality; other kin and nonkin relationships and quality). These psychological and social relationship factors, in turn, will be examined in terms of their influence on health status (health perceptions, functional status, symptom and illness reports, mortality). The hypothesis that differences in psychological factors and social relationship factors help mediate and moderate the influence of SES and race-ethnicity on health will be explored. Further, two hypotheses about the pathways linking psychological and social factors to physical health will be evaluated: 1) the "health behavior mediation" hypothesis, which posits that differences in psychological and social relationship factors lead to differences in health behaviors, which, in turn lead to differences in physical health, and 2) the "psychosocial stress moderation" hypothesis, which posits that differences in psychological and social factors lead to differences in the way individuals adapt to life histories of cumulative disadvantage, which, in turn, lead to differences in physical health. All analyses also will explore differences across gender. This work will use expansive new data from three large longitudinal population sample surveys: 1) the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS), a study of 10,317 Wisconsin high school graduates in 1957, which includes information from main respondents in 1957 (age 18), 1964 (age 25), 1975 (age 36), 1992-93 (age 54), and 2003- 04 (age 65); information from siblings in 1977,1992-93, 2004; and information from graduate spouses and widows in 2004; 2) the National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH) 1987-88,1992-93, 2002-03, a study of 13,007 U.S. adults aged 19-95 in 1987-88; and 3) the National Survey of Midlife in the United States (MIDUS), 1995, 2004, which includes information from 3,485 primary respondents aged 25-74 in 1995 and 1,000 siblings of primary respondents. Multivariate regression models, event-history models, hierarchical linear models, and structural equation models will be estimated as appropriate.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究将调查生活课程社会不平等，社会心理因素和成人身体健康之间的联系。具体而言，社会经济地位（SES）和种族种族的几个方面的差异将被研究为潜在的社会决定因素（例如，情感，人格风格，控制意识，自我评估，自我评估，自我评估，宗教信仰/精神性），宗教/精神性/精神性）和社会关系因素（例如，历史和质量质量和质量; kin和kin）；这些心理和社会关系因素反过来将根据其对健康状况的影响（健康感知，功能状况，症状和疾病报告，死亡率）的影响。将探讨心理因素和社会关系因素的差异有助于调解和缓解SES和种族种族对健康的影响的假设。此外，将评估有关将心理和社会因素与身体健康联系起来的道路的两个假设：1）“健康行为介导”假设的“健康行为介导”假设认为，心理和社会关系因素的差异会导致健康行为的差异，从而导致身体健康的差异，以及“在心理压力下的差异”，在心理压力下的差异，该假设的差异是在心理压力上的差异。累积劣势，反过来导致身体健康的差异。所有分析还将探索性别之间的差异。 这项工作将使用来自三个大型纵向人口样本调查的广泛新数据：1）威斯康星州纵向研究（WLS），一项1957年威斯康星州高中毕业生的研究，包括1957年主要受访者的信息，包括1957年（1957年）（18岁），1964年（25岁），1975年（年龄36岁），1992-93岁（1992-93岁），以及年龄54岁，以及2003年54岁，以及2003年54岁，以及2003年54岁； 1977年1992 - 93年的兄弟姐妹的信息； 2004年；以及2004年研究生配偶和寡妇的信息； 2）全国家庭和家庭调查（NSFH）1987-88，1992-93，2002-03，一项研究，研究1987 - 88年的13,007名美国成年人19-95岁； 3）1995年，2004年对美国中年的全国性调查，其中包括来自1995年25-74岁的3,485名主要受访者的信息和1000名主要受访者的兄弟姐妹。将适当估算多元回归模型，事件历史模型，层次线性模型和结构方程模型。