ADOLESCENT DYSFUNCTION AND SMOKING SUSCEPTIBILITY

青少年功能障碍和吸烟易感性

• 批准号: 6377020
• 负责人: Larry David Jamner
• 金额: $ 48.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-30 至 2004-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6377020
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); attention deficit disorder; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition disorders; comorbidity; conduct disorder; emotions; human subject; hunger; impulsive behavior; mental health epidemiology; nicotine replacement; personal log /diary; psychopharmacology; smoking; social problems; tobacco abuse

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Description) The major objective of this proposal is to evaluate the influence of situational/contextual and trait factors and the role of individual differences in nicotine-dependence susceptibility in adolescent smoking. Over 90% of smokers begin smoking before the age of 18, yet little is known about what makes adolescents vulnerable to the initiation of smoking and susceptible to tobacco dependence. Psychological traits including impulsivity, aggressiveness, negative affectivity, and attention-deficit are associated with a greater incidence of tobacco use, yet little is known about how these factors contribute to the initiation and maintenance of tobacco use in adolescents. The aims of this project are directly related to the NIH's research priority on psychological, physiological, and pharmacological determinants of adolescent cigarette smoking as well as the initiative's focus on temperament and neuropsychiatric factors. Two hundred and forty adolescents entering the 9th grade (80-never smokers, 80-experimental smokers, 80-regular smokers) will be signaled to fill out a diary twice an hour indicating their location, activities, social context, and whether they had smoked or consumed food and other substances. They will be asked to report on their moods and their degree of hunger and urge to smoke. In addition, heart rate will be recorded continuously to determine its role as a discriminative stimulus for smoking as well as an index of the physiological response to cigarette smoking. Each group will comprise approximately equal numbers of adolescents with externalizing and internalizing behavior patterns and healthy controls. Salivary cotinine will be used to validate diary reports of cigarette smoking. The self-monitoring will be done on two school and two weekend days. This 4-day sequence will be repeated six times over three years. Subsamples of these adolescents, including 24 with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and externalizing behavior problems, 24 with ADHD and internalizing behavior problems. and 24 healthy controls will be studied in the laboratory to determine the effects of nicotine (patch) on subjective, behavioral. autonomic, and adrenergic measures. Analyses will model the stimuli and cues associated with smoking behavior and urges and how these change over time, as well as examine the effects of cigarette smoking on subjective, behavioral, and psychophysiological responses of adolescents in natural settings and in the laboratory. We will also determine the role of trait and behavioral characteristics (conduct/impulse, negative affectivity, and attention-deficit disorders) and gender in the above relationships. The long range goal is to utilize the information obtained on susceptibility to smoking in adolescents in designing more effective smoking prevention and cessation programs.

描述：（申请人的描述）该提案的主要目标 是评估情境/背景和特质因素的影响， 个体差异在尼古丁依赖易感性中的作用 青少年吸烟。 超过90%的吸烟者在18岁之前开始吸烟， 然而，对于是什么让青少年容易受到这种疾病的影响，人们知之甚少。 开始吸烟并容易产生烟草依赖。 心理 包括冲动、攻击性、消极情感等特征 注意力缺陷与吸烟率较高有关， 然而，人们对这些因素如何促进启动和产生知之甚少。 维持青少年的烟草使用。 该项目的目标是 与 NIH 的心理学研究重点直接相关， 青少年吸烟的生理和药理学决定因素 吸烟以及该倡议对气质和 神经精神因素。 240 名进入九年级的青少年（80 名从不吸烟， 80 名实验吸烟者、80 名经常吸烟者）将被告知填写一份 每小时两次日记，表明他们的位置、活动、社会背景， 他们是否吸烟或食用食物和其他物质。 他们 将被要求报告他们的情绪以及饥饿和冲动的程度 抽烟。 此外，心率将被连续记录以 确定其作为吸烟歧视刺激的作用以及 对吸烟的生理反应指数。 各组将 包括大致相同数量的具有外化和 内化行为模式和健康的控制。 唾液可替宁 将用于验证吸烟日记报告。 这 自我监控将在两个上学日和两个周末进行。 这4天 该序列将在三年内重复六次。 这些的子样本 青少年，其中 24 名患有注意力缺陷多动障碍 （多动症）和外化行为问题，24 患有多动症和内化行为问题 行为问题。 和 24 名健康对照者将在该研究中进行研究 实验室确定尼古丁（贴片）对主观的影响， 行为。 自主神经和肾上腺素能措施。 分析将建模 与吸烟行为和冲动相关的刺激和线索以及这些刺激和线索如何 随着时间的推移而变化，并检查吸烟对 青少年的主观、行为和心理生理反应 自然环境和实验室。 我们还将确定以下角色： 特质和行为特征（行为/冲动、消极情感、 和注意力缺陷障碍）和上述关系中的性别。 这 长期目标是利用获得的关于易感性的信息 青少年吸烟以设计更有效的吸烟预防和 戒烟计划。

项目成果

ADHD treatment in the 21st century: pushing the envelope.

21 世纪的多动症治疗：挑战极限。

• DOI: 10.1207/s15374424jccp3001_17
• 发表时间: 2001
• 期刊: Journal of clinical child psychology.
• 作者: Whalen,CK

Tobacco use across the formative years: a road map to developmental vulnerabilities.

整个成长时期的烟草使用：发展脆弱性的路线图。

• DOI: 10.1080/14622200310001625573
• 发表时间: 2003
• 期刊: Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.
• 作者: Jamner,LarryD;Whalen,CarolK;Loughlin,SandraE;Mermelstein,Robin;Audrain-McGovern,Janet;Krishnan-Sarin,Suchitra;Worden,JohnK;Leslie,FrancesM
• 通讯作者: Leslie,FrancesM

How much of a problem is resident mistreatment in child welfare institutions?

儿童福利机构中的居民虐待问题有多严重？

• DOI: 10.1016/0145-2134(84)90047-4
• 发表时间: 1984
• 期刊: Child abuse & neglect
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Rindfleisch,N;Rabb,J
• 通讯作者: Rabb,J

Smoking and moods in adolescents with depressive and aggressive dispositions: evidence from surveys and electronic diaries.

具有抑郁和攻击性倾向的青少年的吸烟和情绪：来自调查和电子日记的证据。

• 发表时间: 2001
• 期刊: Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association
• 作者: Whalen,CK;Jamner,LD;Henker,B;Delfino,RJ
• 通讯作者: Delfino,RJ

Bummed out now, feeling sick later: weekday versus weekend negative affect and physical symptom reports in high school freshmen.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.09.005
• 发表时间: 2009-05
• 期刊: The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
• 作者: Jorie M. Butler;C. Whalen;L. Jamner