THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF NATURAL POPULATIONS OF PAST AND PRESENT

过去和现在自然种群的遗传结构

• 批准号: 6100799
• 负责人: STEPHEN J O'BRIEN
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6100799
• 关键词: Mammalia; animal genetic material tag; animal population genetics; animal population study; biochemical evolution; cats; genetic mapping; genetic polymorphism; immunogenetics; mitochondrial DNA; nucleic acid repetitive sequence; polymerase chain reaction; species difference; virus genetics

The assembly of molecular genetic technologies developed for human genetic analysis have been applied to a description of free-ranging populations of endangered species. The goals include: 1) assessment of overall genetic diversity as a reflection of historic present and future demography of the species; 2) detection of population partitions and substructures reflecting geographic isolation over increasing periods; 3) taxonomic inference based upon genetic distinctiveness of species; 4) recognition of perturbations of mating structure; and 5) combining population genetics disposition with infectious disease history to assess the consequences of ongoing genomic interactions. The tools for genomic description used include mitochondrial DNA sequence determination, short tandem repeat polymorphism (microsatellite), SRY - Y chromosome gene sequence analysis, major histocompatibility complex genes, and population genetic theory. The methods have been used to describe species population status of large natural population samples of puma (Puma concolor), ocelot (Leopardis pardalis), margay (Leopardus wiedii), tiger (Panthera tigris), leopard (Panthera pardus), and giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). The results of each offer a novel look at the survival strategies evolved in these species during their natural history.

为人类开发的分子遗传技术的集合 遗传分析已应用于自由放养的描述 濒危物种的种群。目标包括： 1) 评估 整体遗传多样性反映了历史的现在和未来 该物种的人口统计； 2）人口分区的检测和 子结构反映了随着时间的推移地理隔离； 3）基于物种遗传独特性的分类学推断； 4）识别交配结构的扰动； 5) 结合 有传染病史的群体遗传学倾向 评估正在进行的基因组相互作用的后果。工具用于 使用的基因组描述包括线粒体 DNA 序列 测定，短串联重复多态性（微卫星），SRY - Y染色体基因序列分析，主要组织相容性复合体 基因和群体遗传理论。这些方法已被用于 描述大量自然种群样本的物种种群状况 美洲狮 (Puma concolor)、豹猫 (Leopardis pardalis)、虎猫 (Leopardus) wiedii)、虎 (Panthera tigris)、豹 (Panthera pardus) 和巨人 熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）。每个结果都提供了新颖的外观 这些物种在自然过程中进化出的生存策略 历史。